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495 layers found
32°F (0°C)
North AmericaLine indicating the surface position of air at 32°F (0°C)
Acid Rain
United StatesAverage acidity of precipitation in the United States. Lower pH values represent greater acidity.
Adult Female Literacy Rate
WorldThe percentage of women ages 15 and older who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life
Adult Females with College Education (Bachelor's)
WorldThe percentage of the female population ages 25 and older that attained or completed Bachelor's degree or equivalent as the highest level of education
Adult Females with College Education (Master's)
WorldThe percentage of the female population ages 25 and older that attained or completed Master's degree or equivalent as the highest level of education
Adult Females with no Formal Education
WorldThe percentage of the female population ages 25 and older that has no formal education
Adult Females with only a Primary Education
WorldThe percentage of the female population ages 25 and older that attained or completed primary education as the highest level of education
Adult Females with only up to an Upper Secondary Education
WorldThe percentage of the female population ages 25 and older that attained or completed upper secondary education as the highest level of education
Adult Obesity Rate
WorldPercentage of a country's population characterized as obese, or those having a body mass index of 30 or greater
African American Population
North AmericaAfrican American population as a percentage of the total U.S. population, by county
African Languages
Sub-Saharan AfricaLanguages of Africa. The displayed areas indicate predominance, not exclusivity.
African Union (AU) Members
WorldMember states of the African Union, established in 1963 to achieve greater unity and solidarity among its members
Agricultural Density
WorldIntensity of land used for agriculture as indicated by the number of farmers per square kilometer of arable land
Agricultural Land
WorldPercentage of total land area that is capable of producing crops
Agricultural Regions
North AmericaAgricultural regions of North America
Agricultural Water Consumption
WorldAgricultural water withdrawal as a percentage of total renewable water resources by country
Aid Dependency Net ODA received as a percentage of GNI
WorldMultilateral aid received, in U.S. dollars, as a percentage of a country's gross national income
Aid Dependency: Net Official Development Assistance Received per Capita
WorldPer capita multilateral aid received in U.S. dollars
Air Pressure
North AmericaThe pressure of air in the atmosphere, as measured in 4 millibar intervals
Aluminum-Bauxite Mines
WorldThe world's bauxite mines
Aluminum Production by Country
WorldProduction of aluminum by country
American Indian Population
North AmericaAmerican Indian and Alaska Native population as a percentage of the total U.S. population, by county
Annual Wine Production
WorldAverage annual production of wine in metric tons, by country
Anthropogenic Biomes
WorldThe world's agricultural regions, based on crop and livestock association, labor and capital intensity, productivity, consumption, and methods and techniques used
Approximate Form and Extent of Outcrop of Carbonate Rocks
WorldExtent of carbonate rocks or predominantly carbonate sequences
Aquaculture
WorldPercent of fish harvested from farms by country
Aquifers: Distribution and Recharge
WorldGlobal distribution of aquifers, which are underground layers of water-bearing permeable rock
Arabic as Official or de facto Language
WorldCountries where Arabic is an official (or serves as a de facto) language
Arable Land
WorldPercentage of total land area that is capable of producing crops
Areas Affected by Acid Rain
WorldAreas of the world significantly impacted by acid precipitation
Areas Affected by Trypanosomiasis
Sub-Saharan AfricaLocations in Sub-Saharan Africa where trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is endemic
Areas at Risk of Soil Degradation
WorldLevels of concern for there to be a decline in soil quality caused by its improper use, usually for agricultural, pastoral, industrial, or urban purposes.
Areas of Heavy Groundwater Extraction
WorldLocations where groundwater systems experience levels of extraction exceeding recharge rates over a limited period of time
Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence
WorldThe areas that show the greatest concentration of dots have the highest frequency of tornadoes
Asbestos Mines
WorldThe world's asbestos mines (includes inactive mines)
Asbestos Production by Country
WorldProduction of asbestos by country
Asian American Population
North AmericaAsian population as a percentage of the total U.S. population, by county
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Members
Southeast AsiaMember states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, an organization founded in 1967 to promote intergovernmental cooperation and economic integration among its members
Automobile Use
WorldAutomobiles in use per 1,000 people
Average Annual Precipitation
WorldGlobal distribution of average annual precipitation
Average Annual Snowfall
North AmericaAverage annual snowfall for North AmericaAverage Distribution of Dew Point Temperatures, January
United StatesAverage January dew points for the contiguous United States
Average Distribution of Dew Point Temperatures, July
United StatesAverage July dew points for the contiguous United States
Average Household Size (U.S.)
North AmericaAverage household size in the United States, by county
Average Number of Hail Storms
United StatesAnnual average incidence of hail storms in the contiguous United States
Average Number of Tornado Incidences per Year (U.S.)
North AmericaTornado prevalence in the United States per 1,000 square miles per year
Barren or Sparsely Vegetated Areas
WorldAreas with little or no vegetation
Beef Cows
North AmericaNumber of beef cows in North America, by state or province
Biomes
WorldThe world's biomes: regions where plants and animals have common characteristics because of similar climatesBox Office Revenue
WorldMap of the world showing movie box office revenue by country in U.S. Dollars
British Conquest of India
South AsiaAreas of South Asia conquered by the British, from approximately 1753 to 1890British Empire, Early 1920s
WorldThe extent of the British Empire during the early 1920s.
Brown Coal (Lignite) Mines
WorldThe world's brown coal mines
California Wildfires
United StatesA map showing the largest California wildfires by number of acres burned.
Carbonate Outcrop Patterns Generalized in Mountain Regions
WorldLocations of carbonate rock outcrop patterns in mountainous areas
Carbonate Outcrops
WorldLocations of outcrops of carbonate rocks, primarily limestone and dolostone
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Emissions by Country
WorldA world map showing carbon dioxide emissions by country in metric tons per year.
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Emissions Per Capita
WorldCarbon dioxide emissions in metric tons per capita by country
Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Members
WorldMember states of the Caribbean Community, an organization founded in 1973 to promote economic integration and cooperation among its members
Caribbean Languages
CaribbeanLanguages of the Caribbean. The displayed areas indicate predominance, not exclusivity.Cattle and Calves
North AmericaNumber of cattle and calves reported by survey of farming operations in North America, by state or province
Cellular Phones
WorldSubscriptions of mobile and cell phones per 1,000 inhabitants
Change in Acreage of Farmland (U.S.)
North AmericaIncrease or decrease in the amount of land in farms by county, 2007-2012
Change in Gender Inequality Index, 2011-2021
WorldPercent change in Gender Inequality Index values between 2011 and 2021, by country. The Gender Inequality Index measures achievement between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market.
Change in Urbanization
WorldChange in a country's urban population
Change in U.S. Annual Temperature from the 1901-1960 Period to the 1986-2016 Period
North AmericaChange in annual average temperature, comparing the 1901-1960 period to the 1986-2016 period.
Change in U.S. Summer Temperature from the 1901-1960 Period to the 1986-2016 Period
North AmericaChange in annual summer temperature, comparing the 1901-1960 period to the 1986-2016 period.
Change in U.S. Winter Temperature from the 1901-1960 Period to the 1986-2016 Period
North AmericaChange in annual winter temperature, comparing the 1901-1960 period to the 1986-2016 period.
Chinese Empires
East AsiaTerritorial extent of the Han, Shang, and Zhou empires
Chinese Foreign Expansion
WorldCountries that are part of China's Belt and Road Initiative and where China has or seeks military bases
Chromium Mines
WorldThe world's chromium mines
Chromium Production by Country
WorldProduction of chromium by country
Cities
WorldCities of the world
Clean Water Access
WorldPercentage of the population with access to an improved water source
Climate Adaptability
WorldThis world map shows each country's ability to adapt to climate change's negative effects using GAIN (Global Adaptation Index) This index measures a country's ability to adapt to the negative effects of climate change, including the country's exposure, sensitivity and capacity to adapt. Higher numbers indicate a country is less vulnerable.
Climate Zones
WorldThe Köppen climate classification is a widely used climate classification system. It divides climates into five main groups, each with multiple subtypes.
Coal (Bituminous, Anthracite) Mines
WorldThe world's bituminous and anthracite coal mines
Coal Consumption (%)
WorldCoal consumption as a percentage of world consumption by country
Coal Production (%)
WorldCoal production as a percentage of world production by country
Coal Production by Country
WorldCoal production by country in quadrillion BTUs.
Coastal Areas of Eutrophication and Hypoxia
WorldThe world's oceanic areas that are experiencing pollution, which results in algal blooms, species loss, and destruction of coral reefs
Cobalt Mines
WorldLocations of cobalt mines worldwide
Cold Front
North AmericaThe leading edge of a cold air massColonial Possessions, 1914
WorldThe territorial possessions of the world controlled by European powers, the Ottoman Empire, Japan, and the United States in 1914
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Members
WorldMember states of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, an organization founded in 1994 to promote free trade among its members
Continental Boundaries
WorldLocations of the continental boundary lines between North America and South America, Africa and Asia, and Europe and Asia
Continental Shelf
WorldExtent of the world's continental shelves, which are extensions of continents submerged by the oceans
Cool Currents
WorldCool water oceanic currents.Copper Mines
WorldThe world's copper mines
Copper Production by Country
WorldProduction of copper by country
Core Diamond Mining Areas
Sub-Saharan AfricaCore area of diamond mining in Sub-Saharan Africa
Corn and Maize Production
WorldTotal annual production of maize and corn by country
Corn Production
North AmericaAnnual corn production in North America by state or province
Cotton Production (U.S.)
North AmericaAnnual U.S. cotton production by state
Countries at War or with Serious Insurrections since 1995
WorldWars and other conflicts, by country since 1995
COVID-19 Case Mortality Rate
WorldCOVID-19 deaths as a percentage of all cases by country
COVID-19 Deaths
WorldTotal deaths from COVID-19 by country
COVID-19 Mortality Rate
WorldCOVID-19 mortality rate as a percentage of total population by country
COVID-19 Vaccination Rates
WorldNumber of vaccinations per 100 people by country. Each vaccination or booster shot received is counted in the total.
Crude Birth Rate
WorldThe number of live births occurring during the year per 1,000 people, 2022
Crude Death Rate
WorldThe number of deaths occurring during the year per 1,000 people, 2020
Crude Oil Production by Country
WorldProduction of crude oil by country
Cultural Diffusion
WorldDirection of diffusion of key cultural innovations out of the world's culture hearths
Daily Caloric Intake
WorldDaily available food supply (measured in kilocalories) as determined by food production, imports, exports, and changes in stocks per person in a country
Daily Nutritional Intake
WorldAverage dietary energy supply adequacy, as a percentage of the estimated amount of daily energy needed to maintain health, growth, and an appropriate level of physical activity
Days with Heavy Fog
North AmericaAverage annual number of days in North America with heavy fog, where fog has made driving conditions dangerous
Deforestation: Net Loss, 2000-2015
WorldAreas of the world experiencing tree cover loss
Dependency Ratio
WorldThe ratio of the number of people in ages not in the labor force (ages 0–15 and 65 and older) compared to the number of people in ages typically in the labor force (ages 15–64). A higher ratio indicates more people outside of typical workforce ages.
Desalinization Plants
WorldLocations and capacities of desalinization plants worldwide
Deserts and Desertification Risk
WorldDeserts and areas of the world at risk for desertification because of factors such as climate shift, drought, overgrazing, and land degradation. The various classifications were determined by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Diamond Mines
WorldThe world's diamond mines
Diamond Production by Country
WorldProduction of diamonds by country
Distribution of Calcium Carbonate in Modern Surface Sediments
OceansPercentage of ocean surface comprised of calcium carbonate.
Distribution of Neritic (Nearshore) and Pelagic (Open Ocean) Sediments
OceansComposition and distribution of ocean sediments.
Doppler Radar Sites (U.S.)
North AmericaLocations of U.S. National Weather Service Doppler radars
Drought Risk
WorldAreas of the world at risk for future drought. Risk is determined by a combination of environmental factors (e.g., historic drought occurrence), human factors that affect the likelihood of drought exposure (e.g., crop production, grazing, etc.) and social, economic, and infrastructure factors that affect how well a population can cope with drought (e.g., water impoundment and delivery).
Drug Cultivation and Production Regions
WorldMajor growing and production regions of coca, cocaine, cannabis, opium, and heroin
Early Sub-Saharan States and Empires
Sub-Saharan AfricaEmpires of Sub-Saharan Africa prior to European colonization
Earthquake Hazard Areas (U.S.)
North AmericaAreas in the United States with greater than 1% probability of potentially damaging ground shaking in one year
Earthquakes
WorldTime series data showing locations and Richter scale magnitudes of significant earthquakes from 1800 BCE to 2019. Use timeline controls at bottom of the map to display data by time period.
East African Community (EAC) Members
Sub-Saharan AfricaMember states of the East African Community, an organization founded in 1967 to create a common market and common currency among its members
Ebola Outbreaks, 1976–2022
Sub-Saharan AfricaConfirmed and probable cases of Ebola
Ecological Regions: Level 1 Regions
North AmericaExtent of the Level I Ecological Regions of North America
Ecological Regions: Level 2 Borders
North AmericaLevel 2 Ecological Regions of North America. There are more than 50 such regions, which are areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources.Ecological Regions: Level 2 Labels
North AmericaLevel 2 Ecological Regions of North America. There are more than 50 such regions, which are areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources.
Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) Members
Sub-Saharan AfricaMember states of the Economic Community of Central African States, an organization founded to achieve collective autonomy, raise the standard of living of its populations, and maintain economic stability through harmonious cooperation
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Members
Sub-Saharan AfricaMember states of the Economic Community of West African States, an organization founded in 1975 to promote economic integration among its members
Effectiveness of World Fisheries Management
OceansAn ecosystem vitality index within EEZs calculated from the percentage of a country’s total catch that comes from overexploited or collapsed stocks, the health of a country’s fishing stock based on expected catch and changes over time, and the percentage of fish caught by trawling.Electricity from Hydroelectric Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from hydroelectric power as a percentage of total electricity production.
Electricity from Nuclear Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from nuclear power as a percentage of total electricity production
Electricity from Solar Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from solar power, as a percentage of total electricity production, by country
Electricity from Wind Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from wind power as a percentage of total electricity production, by country
Electricity Generation from Hydroelectric Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from hydroelectric power
Electricity Generation from Nuclear Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from nuclear power
Electricity Generation from Solar Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from solar power
Electricity Generation from Wind Power
WorldTotal annual production of electricity from wind power
Electric Vehicle Adoption
WorldElectric and hybrid vehicles as a percentage of new vehicles purchased
Energy Consumption
WorldTotal annual consumption of primary energy, including nonrenewable sources (petroleum, natural gas, coal, and uranium) and renewable sources (solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy)
English as Official or de facto Language
WorldCountries where English is an official (or serves as a de facto) language
Ethnic and Cultural Regions
North AmericaDistinctive contemporary cultural regions of North America
Ethnic Boundaries
Sub-Saharan AfricaThe territorial extent of ethnic groups in Sub-Saharan Africa
Ethnic Diversity
WorldEthnic diversity, ranging from situations where a country's population is comprised of multiple ethnic groups to those that have a high degree of ethnic homogeneity, by country
Ethnic Groups (Iraq and Iran)
Southwest Asia and North AfricaEthnic minority groups of Iran and IraqEuropean Monetary Union (“Euroland”)
EuropeCurrent members of the European Monetary UnionEuropean Settlement Expansion
North AmericaEuropean settlement in North America from 1750–1910. Use timeline controls at bottom of the map to display data by time period.
European Union (EU)
EuropeMember states of the European Union (EU). Use timeline controls at bottom of map to display members by year of entrance into the EU.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
WorldThe extent of the sea zone extending 200 nautical miles from the coast over which a country has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources.
Exports
WorldThe value of all goods and other market services provided from one country to the rest of the world
Facebook Users
WorldThe number of Facebook users in millions, by country
Family Farms (U.S.)
North AmericaFarms in the United States that are corporations, limited liability corporations, or family operations with 50% or more ownership interest held by operator or persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption
Family Households (U.S.)
North AmericaFamily households in the United States as percentage of all households. A family household contains at least two persons: the householder and at least one other person related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption.
Farm Area (Acreage)
North AmericaThe number of acres in farms in North America, by state
Farms with Any Poultry (U.S.)
North AmericaThe number of farms in the United States with any poultry sold, which includes all farms with sales of poultry, poultry hatched, or eggs
Farm Workers Working Fewer than 150 Days (U.S.)
North AmericaHired farm workers in the United States working fewer than 150 days per calendar year
Female Age at First Marriage
WorldMean female age at first marriage shows the average length of single life expressed in years among those females who marry before age 50
Fishing Sustainability
WorldFlooding (U.S.)
North AmericaNumber of flood events between 1950 and 2020.
Floods
WorldThe number of floods recorded between 1985 and 2011 for select world riversForeign Born Population
WorldPercentage of a country’s total population born in a different countryForeign Direct Investment
WorldThe amount of investment associated with a resident in one economy in enterprises in another economy
Forests by Country
WorldPercentage of land area covered by forest
Forest Types, 1900
Southeast AsiaExtent of Southeast Asia's forests in 1900
Former Soviet Republics
EurasiaFormer Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)Former Warsaw Pact Members
EuropeMember states of the Warsaw Pact, a collective defense treaty involving the Soviet Union and states in Eastern Europe between 1955 and 1991
Fossil Fuel Exports
WorldFossil fuel exports as a percentage of total exports by country
Fragile States Index
WorldA map of the world by country showing the stability or the fragility of that country's government
Freedom of Press / Safety of Journalists
WorldFreedom of Press and Safety of Journalist by country using the global index score. A higher score indicates more freedom and safety
French as Official or de facto Language
WorldCountries where French is an official (or serves as a de facto) language
Gender Development Index (GDI)
WorldThe Gender Development Index (GDI) is an adjustment to the Human Development Index (HDI) score, which is a composite of life expectancy, education, and per-capita income indicators. The GDI adjusts the HDI for gender gaps in the HDI variables. Values approaching 1.0 indicate gender equality, values greater than 1.0 indicate higher development for women when compared to men, and values less than 1.0 indicate lower levels of development for women when compared to men.
General Area of Sedimentary Formations Favorable to Oil
North AmericaGeologic formations in North America favorable to the location of petroleum
General Paths of Tropical Storms
WorldGeneral paths of tropical storms.
Geographic Areas Under Dispute
WorldTerritories being disputed by two or more countries as of 2017Geology Rock Type
WorldPredominant rock type or geological era
Glacial Loss 2010-2020
WorldLoss of glacial ice between 1961 and 2016 measured using satellite imagery and field observations.
Global Food Security
WorldA scoring of food security (0-100, with 100 being the most secure) constructed from 34 indicators to assess which countries are most and least vulnerable to food insecurity through the categories of affordability, availability, quality & safety, as well as the impact of natural resources and resilience have on food security.
Global Mean Temperature, January
WorldThe global mean temperature for January; calculated by averaging daily temperatures (the mean of high and low temperatures) dating from 1880 to the present for a regularly spaced array of continental, oceanic, and Antarctic meteorological stations covering the globe
Global Mean Temperature, July
WorldThe global mean temperature for July; calculated by averaging daily temperatures (the mean of high and low temperatures) dating from 1880 to the present for a regularly spaced array of continental, oceanic, and Antarctic meteorological stations covering the globe
Global Surface Warming: Best-Case Projections
WorldProjection of surface temperatures for the 2081–2100 period using the RCP2.6 model, which integrates change in annual mean surface temperature, change in annual mean precipitation, in percentages, and change in average sea level relative to the 1986–2005 period. RCP2.6 represents future change in atmospheric temperature if cumulative greenhouse gas emissions are reduced 70 percent between 2010 and 2100.Global Surface Warming: Worst-Case Projections (IPCC)
WorldProjection of surface temperatures for the 2081–2100 period using the RCP8.5 model, which integrates change in annual mean surface temperature, change in annual mean precipitation, in percentages, and change in average sea level relative to the 1986–2005 period. RCP8.5 represents future change in atmospheric temperature if there is no reduction in cumulative greenhouse gas emissions between 2010 and 2100.
Global Surface Warming: Worst-Case Projections (NASA)
WorldA representation of the annual mean surface temperature, given a worst-case projection based on projected or predicted models of comparatively high greenhouse-gas emissions for surface temperature changes relative to the average temperatures during the late 20th century (2081–2100), using assumptions commonly referred to RCP 8.5 in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) abstracts.
Global Temperature Change
WorldThe changing global surface temperature in degrees Fahrenheit since 1880 (when a reasonably global distribution of meteorological stations was established).
Global Terrorist Attacks
WorldThe deadliest acts of terrorism from 1970 to 2016. These violent acts were aimed at attaining a political, economic, religious, or social goal, and there is evidence of an intention to coerce, intimidate, or convey some other message to a larger audience (or audiences) than the immediate victims.
Global Winds and General Circulation of the Atmosphere, January
OceansGeneral circulation of global winds in January
Global Winds and General Circulation of the Atmosphere, July
OceansGeneral circulation of global winds in July
Golden Triangle
Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia's main opium-producing area
Gold Mines
WorldThe world's gold mines
Gold Production by Country
WorldProduction of gold by country
Great Wall
East AsiaLocation of the Great Wall of China
Gross National Income per Capita
WorldThe gross national income per capita
Gross National Income per Capita at Purchasing Power Parity
WorldGNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) in international dollars. An international dollar would buy in the cited country a comparable amount of goods and services that a U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This term is often used in conjunction with PPP data.
Groundwater Salinization
WorldAreas of saline groundwater (> 5 g/l total dissolved solids (TDS)).
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Members
Southwest Asia and North AfricaMember states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, an organization founded in 1981 to promote economic, political, and military coordination among its members
Gun Deaths (US)
North AmericaNumber of gun deaths per state
Gun Ownership
WorldGun Ownership (US)
North AmericaPercent of the population that owns one or more firearms by state
Habitat Fragmentation
WorldMagnitude of habitat fragmentation, caused by agriculture, urban infrastructure, roads, or railroads.
Health Insurance Coverage (US)
North AmericaPercentage of people with health care coverage by U.S. county
Herder's Environment
WorldAreas of the world conducive to the spread of pastoralism (approximately 500 CE–1500 CE)
High- and Low-Pressure Zones, January
WorldLocations of high- and low-atmospheric pressure at mean sea level during January.
High- and Low-Pressure Zones, July
WorldLocations of high- and low-atmospheric pressure at mean sea level during JulyHigher Education Enrollment
WorldRatio of students enrolled to total population in tertiary education age (18–24) group. Percentages can exceed 100% where students attending colleges and universities come from outside the 18- to 24-age group.
High Pressure
North AmericaA region where atmospheric pressure at the surface is greater than surrounding areas
Hispanic American Population
North AmericaHispanic or Latino population as a percentage of the total U.S. population, by county
HIV and AIDS Prevalence
WorldThe number of adults (aged 15–49) living with HIV and AIDS per 1,000 people, by country
HIV (U.S.)
North AmericaThe number of persons in the United States with HIV per 100,000 persons, by state
Households Headed by Single Mothers with Children Younger than 18 (U.S.)
North AmericaHouseholds headed by single mothers with children younger than 18 years as percentage of all households by U.S. county
Human Development Index (HDI)
WorldHuman Development Index scores, by country. HDI is a composite of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development: very high, high, medium, and low. The rankings are viewed as the extent to which people are able to do things in life. HDI is a measure of the "potential" that people have to achieve economic and social goals, not necessarily whether all persons actually achieve such goals.
Human Occupation
Australia & OceaniaAreas of Australia, New Zealand, and Oceanina settled before 2500 BCE, settled by 1200 BCE, settled by 200 BCE, settled by 400 CE, and settled by 800 CE.
Human Rights Abuses
WorldThe Political Terror Scale, which is a yearly measure of state-inflicted political "terror" such as torture, disappearances, and political imprisonment. The rankings are as follows: (1) Countries are under a secure rule of law, people are not imprisoned for their views, and torture is rare or exceptional. Political murders are rare. (2) There is a limited amount of imprisonment for nonviolent political activity. However, a few persons are affected; torture and beating are exceptional. Political murder is rare. (3) There is extensive political imprisonment. Execution or other political murders and brutality may be common. Unlimited detention, with or without trial, for political views is accepted. (4) The practices of level 3 are expanded to larger numbers. Murders, disappearances, and torture are part of life. Despite its generality, on this level, terror affects primarily those who interest themselves in politics or ideas. (5) The terrors of level 4 have been extended to the whole population. The leaders of these societies place no limits on the means or thoroughness with which they pursue personal or ideological goals. Levels are based on the U.S. State Department data set.
Human Trafficking
WorldThe U.S. Department of State classifies countries into three tiers according to the severity of the human-trafficking problem in a country and the government’s commitment to combatting trafficking. Tier 1 (the lowest level) are countries that meet the standards for elimination of human trafficking; Tier 2 countries are making progress toward meeting the standards, Tier-2 Watch List countries (designated as 2.5 on the map) are Tier 2 countries that need more evidence to confirm their status. Tier 3 countries do not fully meet the minimum standards to eliminate trafficking and are making no effor to do so.Hurricane
North AmericaA violent, tropical, cyclonic storm of the western North Atlantic, having wind speeds of, or in excess of, 74 miles per hour
Hydroelectric Power Production
WorldThe world's primary regions for producing hydroelectricity at dammed river power plants
Idealized Conveyer-belt Circulation
WorldHigh-density waters slowly drift into all oceans. Deep water returns to the surface in localized areas of upwelling and also as gradual, uniform upwelling throughout the ocean basins. Surface currents complete the conveyer by returning water to the source areas.
Imports
WorldThe net value of grain imports and exports by country in millions of U.S. dollars. Positive values indicate exports exceeding imports; negative values indicate imports exceeding exports.
Income Inequality
WorldIncome inequality by country measured by the GINI Index. A higher number indicates greater inequality.
Income Inequality (USA)
North AmericaA map of income inequality as measured by the GINI index. A higher number represents higher levels of inequality.
India Female Literacy
South AsiaFemale literacy rate by Indian state
Indigenous Languages
Latin AmericaLanguages native to a region and spoken by indigenous people. Often, indigenous languages are minority languages.Infant Mortality Rate
WorldThe annual number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births by country
Inland and Intracoastal Waterway
North AmericaNavigable inlands and intracoastal waterways in North America
Insolation
WorldAverage annual levels of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface
Internally Displaced Persons
WorldInternally displaced persons (IDPs) who are displaced due to conflict, as of 2022
Internet Users
WorldThe number of Internet users per 1,000 people, by country
Intertropical Convergence Zone, January
WorldLocation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during January.
Intertropical Convergence Zone, July
WorldLocation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during JulyIodine Mines
WorldThe world's iodine mines
Iron Ore Mines
WorldThe world's iron ore mines
Iron Ore Production by Country
WorldProduction of iron ore by country
Irrigated Crop Intensity
WorldA measure of comparing the amount of land in irrigated crops is shown as a percentage of all land that is equipped (available) for irrigation. Areas of double-cropping—where the same area is cultivated and irrigated twice in a year—are counted twice. Thus, the land in irrigated crops can exceed 100%.
Isobars, January
WorldAtmospheric pressure at mean sea level for the month of January
Isobars, July
WorldAtmospheric pressure at mean sea level for July 2015Keystone Pipeline
North AmericaLocation of the Keystone oil pipeline system, which extends from Alberta, Canada to refineries in Illinois and Texas
Lake Desiccation
WorldLakes that have been shrinking from climate change, human activities, or combinations of both
Land Cover
WorldLand cover type classifications, including water, evergreen forest, deciduous forest, mixed forest, shrublands, savannas, grasslands, permanent wetlands, urban and built-up, cropland and natural vegetation, snow and ice, and barren or sparsely vegetated
Language Families
WorldThe world's major language families. Language families are groups of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language.
Language Families
Central AsiaThe predominant language families of Central Asia. Language families are groups of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language.
Language Families
Australia & OceaniaThe predominant language families of Australia and Oceania. Language families are groups of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language.
Language Families
East AsiaThe predominant language families of East Asia. Language families are groups of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language.
Languages by Country
WorldThe languages spoken in each country. Numbers in legend indicate each country's number of official languages. Scroll over each country for a list of official and predominant languages.
Languages - Russian Domain
EurasiaLanguages within the Russian domain
Language Subfamilies
EuropeThe predominant language subfamilies of Europe. A language subfamily is a major division of a language family, above a language branch.
Lapis Lazuli Mines
WorldThe world's lapis lazuli mines
Large Chinese Communities
Southeast AsiaAreas in Southeast Asia with large Chinese populationsLargest Racial Group (U.S.)
North AmericaMost populous racial group in the United States by county
Latin America, 1650
WorldPolitical geography of colonial South America in 1650. The viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru were controlled by the Spanish, and the viceroyalty of Brazil was controlled by the Portuguese.
Latin America, 1830
WorldPolitical geography of South America in 1830. By 1830, all parts of South America, except the Guianas, had achieved political independence from European colonial powers.
Latin American Integration Association (ALADI)
WorldMember states of the Latin American Integration Association
Lead Mines
WorldThe world's lead mines
Lead Production by Country
WorldProduction of lead by country
Life Expectancy
WorldLife expectancy, the average number of years a person is expected to live, by country.
Lightning Frequency
WorldLightning flashes per square kilometer per year (flashes/km²/year)
Literacy Rate
WorldThe percentage of the population, age 15 years or older, who has the ability to read, write, and use arithmetic. Some countries, such as the United States, Canada, and Australia do not report these rates to UNESCO.
Lithium Mines
WorldLocations of lithium mines worldwide
Low Pressure
North AmericaA region where atmospheric pressure at the surface is lower than surrounding areas
Major Cities of More than 5 Million
WorldCities with populations greater than 5 million
Major Dams
WorldDams with a reported storage capacity of 5,000 million cubic meters (5,000,000,000 cubic meters) or more
Major Drainage Basins
WorldThe world's drainage basins: land areas where surface water converges to a single point
Major Drug Routes
WorldMajor routes of delivery in the global drug trade.
Major Drug Trade Financial and Transit Centers
WorldMajor financial and transit centers of the global drug trade.
Major Escarpments
WorldLocation of major escarpments, which are steep slopes forming from faulting or erosion
Major Foreign Enclaves and Exclaves
WorldThe world's primary enclaves (political territories completely surrounded by another political entity) and exclaves (political territories geographically separated from the main part of a country by a neighboring political entity)
Major Hearths
WorldLocations of major culture hearths, areas of cultural innovation that gave rise to a particular culture region
Major Industrial Centers
WorldThe world's major centers of industrial production
Major Iron-Producing Areas in North America
North AmericaLocations of major iron-producing areas in North America
Major Karst Regions
WorldMajor karst regions in the world
Major Landforms
WorldThe global distribution of Earth's landforms, including mountains, shields, plains, basins, ice caps, and isolated areas of volcanic activity
Major Manufacturing Regions
North AmericaLocations of major manufacturing regions in North America
Major Rail Route
North AmericaMajor railroads of North America
Major Soil Orders
WorldThe world's major soil orders
Major Territorial Acquisitions (U.S.)
North AmericaMajor territorial acquisitions by the United States
Major U.S. Military Sites
Southwest Asia and North AfricaLocations of major U.S. military installations in Southwest Asia
Major Waterfalls and Cataracts
WorldLocations of the world's major waterfalls and cataracts
Malaria Risk Areas
Sub-Saharan AfricaAreas of elevated occurrence of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa
Male-Female Ratio
WorldRatio of males to females by country.
Male-to-Female Ratio by County (U.S.)
North AmericaCounties of the United States, showing whether the population is majority male, majority female, or equally male and female
Manganese Mines
WorldThe world's leading manganese mines
Manganese Production by Country
WorldProduction of manganese by country
Mangrove swamps
WorldLocation of mangrove swamps.
Marine Sediment Thickness
OceansThickness of oceanic sediments.
Marine Territorial Claims
WorldExtent of oceanic territorial claims, including the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The EEZ is a sea zone extending 200 nautical miles from a coastline prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a state has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.Mass Protests
WorldThe number of protests with a peak size over 100,000 per country, 2019-2023
Mass Shootings (U.S.)
WorldShootings in public places in the United States resulting in four or more victims killed by the attacker. The dataset excludes shootings stemming from more conventionally motivated crimes such as armed robbery or gang violence.
Maternal Mortality Rate
WorldThe annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births by country.
Maternity Leave
WorldThe mandatory minimum number of calendar days that legally must be paid by the government, the employer, or both to a mother related to the birth of a child. Maternity leave is only available to the mother; it does not cover parental leave that is available to both parents.
Mean Sea-Surface Temperature
OceansAverage sea-surface temperatures between 1990 and 2020
Meat Production
WorldTotal meat production by country.
Megacities
WorldThe world's megacities, urban areas where single cities or clusters of cities have at least 10 million people
Mercosur
Latin AmericaMember states of Mercosur, an organization founded in 1991 to promote free trade among its members
Migration from the Caribbean to Canada
WorldMigration flows from Caribbean states and territories to CanadaMigration from the Caribbean to the Netherlands
WorldMigration flows from Caribbean states and territories to the NetherlandsMigration from the Caribbean to the United States
WorldMigration flows from Caribbean states and territories to the United StatesMilitary Expenditures
WorldMilitary expenditures as a percentage of GDP, by country
Milk Cows
North AmericaNumber of milk cows in North America by state or province
Milk Production
WorldMilk production, in millions of metric tons, by country.
Monkey Pox
WorldMonkey pox cases by country
Movement of Peoples
WorldPrehistoric movements of people engaging in herding
Municipal Solid Waste per Capita
WorldAmount of municipal solid waste generated by countries per capita
Muslim Populations
Sub-Saharan AfricaAreas where Islam is the majority religion or a large minority religion
National Capitals
WorldCapital cities of sovereign states
National Parks
WorldLocations of terrestrial and marine protected areas
Native American Culture Areas
North AmericaNative American cultural areas by geography
NATO Members
WorldMember countries of the North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNatural Gas Consumption (%)
WorldNatural gas consumption as a percentage of world consumption by country
Natural Gas Production (%)
WorldNatural gas production as a percentage of global production by country
Natural Gas Production by Country
WorldTotal natural gas production by countryNatural Gas Supply Areas
North AmericaMajor natural gas-producing regions in North America
Netflix Subscribers
WorldNumber of Netflix subscribers by country
Net Migration Rate
WorldNet migration rate (the difference between the immigration and emigration rates), by country during 2015.
Net Value of Grain Imports and Exports
WorldThe net value of grain imports and exports by country in millions of U.S. dollars. Positive values indicate exports exceeding imports; negative values indicate imports exceeding exports.Nickel Mines
WorldThe world's nickel mines
Nickel Production by Country
WorldProduction of nickel by country
Nitrate Mines
WorldThe world's nitrate mines
Nitrogen Oxide (NOₓ) Emissions
WorldTotal annual emissions of nitrogen oxides by country
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Members
WorldMember states of the North American Free Trade Agreement, an organization founded in 1994 to create a trade bloc in North America with Canada, Mexico, and the United States
Nuclear Site Capacity
WorldLocation and capacity of current, operating nuclear power plants. Capacity is defined as the maximum electrical power each plant can generate continuously throughout a prolonged period of operation under reference ambient conditions.Ocean Bathymetry
OceansOcean depth, in meters
Ocean Circulation Sinks
WorldCirculation sinks are source areas for deep water in high-latitude regions where surface water cools, increases in density, and sinks.
Ocean Climate Zones
OceansGeneralized zones of oceanic climateOcean Fishing
WorldPercent of fish caught wild by country
Oil Consumption (%)
WorldOil consumption as a percentage of global consumption by country
Oil Pipelines
WorldLocations of global oil pipelinesOil Production (%)
WorldOil production as a percentage of global production by country
Oil Refineries
WorldMajor oil refineries with a capacity of, or more than, 100,000 billion barrels per day
Oil Shale or Tar Sands
North AmericaLocations of major sedimentary rock formations and loose sands containing petroleum in North America
Oil Slicks (1990s)
WorldGeneralized historical oil slicks.
Opioid Deaths (U.S.)
North AmericaOpioid deaths per 100,000 people by state
Opium Poppy Cultivation
WorldEstimated levels of opium poppy cultivation
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Members
WorldMember states of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), an international cartel founded in 1960 to coordinate petroleum production among its members
Original Tillers' Environment
WorldLocations of early forms of crop agriculture (approximately 500 CE–1500 CE)
Origin of International Migrants Residing in Brazil, 2020
WorldNumber of foreign-born people living in Brazil as of 2015, by country of originOrigin of International Migrants Residing in China, 2020
WorldNumber of people living in China who are citizen of another country as of 2020, by country of origin
Origin of International Migrants Residing in France, 2020
WorldNumber of foreign-born people living in France as of 2015, by country of originOrigin of International Migrants Residing in the United Kingdom, 2020
WorldNumber of foreign-born people living in the United Kingdom as of 2015, by country of originOrigin of International Migrants Residing in the United States, 2020
WorldNumber of foreign-born people living in the United States as of 2020, by country of origin
Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
Australia & OceaniaCountries in Australia and Oceania that are member states of the Pacific Islands Forum, an organization founded in 1971 to enhance the economic and social well-being of the people of the South Pacific and foster cooperation among member governments
Peak Drought Record, 2016 (U.S.)
North AmericaIntensity of drought conditions on March 1, 2016
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product
WorldGross domestic product per capita by country
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product (China)
East AsiaGross domestic product for China's administrative areas
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product (Mexico & Brazil)
Latin AmericaGross domestic product for administrative subregions in Mexico and Brazil
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product (North America)
North AmericaGross domestic product for administrative subregions (states, provinces, etc.)
Performance during 2008–2009 Recession (U.S.)
North AmericaImpact of the 2008–2009 economic recession on selected metropolitan areas of the United States
Permanent Cropland
WorldPercentage of total land area that is used for crop production
Persons Living in Poverty (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of the U.S. population living at or below the poverty level, by county
Petroleum and Natural Gas Production
WorldThe world's primary regions for producing petroleum and natural gas
Phosphate Mines
WorldThe world's phosphate mines
Phosphates Production by Country
WorldProduction of phosphates by country
Physiological Density
WorldPhysiological population density, or the number of persons per unit area of arable land, by country.
Platinum Mines
WorldThe world's platinum mines
Platinum Production by Country
WorldProduction of platinum by country
Political Borders, 1914
WorldA map displaying political borders in 1914 marked in green. The map shows the divisions between countries across all continents. Some of the borders shown are between the United States and Canada, between India and Nepal, and China and Mongolia.
Political Borders, 1950
WorldThe political units and borders of the world in 1950
Political Units, 1914
WorldState political borders in 1914
Political Units, 1950
WorldThe political units of the world in 1950
Poor Urban Air Quality
WorldAmbient (outdoor) air pollution levels represented by annual mean concentration of particulate matter smaller than 10 (PM₁₀), for cities of the world with more than 100,000 inhabitantsPopulation 65 Years and Older (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of the U.S. population aged 65 or older by county
Population (Arithmetic) Density by Country
WorldPopulation density by country, measured as a country's population divided by its total area
Population Change 2000–2010 (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage change in U.S. population by county, 2000–2010Population Growth Rates
WorldPopulation growth rate, measured as a percentage change in population including births, deaths, immigration, and emigration by countryPopulation Growth Rates of Indian Political Units, 2006–2016
South AsiaPercentage population change of states and union territories of India
Population Older than Age 65
WorldPercentage of a country's population that is older than age 65
Population Undernourished
WorldPercentage of the population having insufficient food or other substances for good health and condition.
Population Younger than 18 Years (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of the U.S. population younger than the age of 18, by county
Population Younger than Age 15
WorldPercentage of a country's population younger than 15 years of age.
Populist Governments Since 2000
WorldCountries with at least one populist government since 2000
Portuguese as Official or de facto Language
WorldCountries where Portuguese is an official (or serves as a de facto) language
Power Plants
WorldLocations of electricity-generating plants with capacity greater than 100 megawatts
Precipitation Anomalies El Niño Years
United StatesA composite of precipitation anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, 1998, and 2010. Anomalies are the average precipitation differences from the base period 1951–2010. When sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
Precipitation Anomalies La Niña Years
United StatesA composite of precipitation anomalies during La Niña from November to March during the following years: 1955, 1956, 1965, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1989, 1999, and 2011. Anomalies are the average precipitation differences from the base period 1951–2010. When sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific drop below normal, it is known as a La Niña event.
Prevailing Agricultural Practices
WorldPrevailing agricultural practices
Primary Occupation of Farm Operator (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of principal farm operators reporting their primary occupation as farming
Principal Aquifers
North AmericaLocations of various aquifers in North America, including consolidated rock aquifers, which are made up of mostly volcanic rocks in the Northwest and mostly sandstone and limestone elsewhere; combination aquifers, which are sand and gravel aquifers overlying productive rock aquifers; and productive aquifers, which have a 0.4 liter/second potential
Prison Population
WorldNumber of persons imprisoned per 100,000 people by country.
Producing Oil Fields In North America
North AmericaThe locations of producing oil fields in North America
Proven Coal Reserves
WorldCoal reserves as a percentage of known world reserves by country
Proven Natural Gas Reserves
WorldNatural gas reserves as a percentage of known world reserves by country
Proven Oil Reserves
WorldPetroleum reserves as a percentage of known world reserves by country
Provinces of Origin
Southeast AsiaSource areas of Chinese migrants into Southeast AsiaRate of Natural Increase (RNI)
WorldRate of natural increase, which is the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate, excluding population changes resulting from immigration and emigration, by country
Refugees by Country of Origin
WorldNumber of refugees by country of origin, 2018.
Refugees by Destination
WorldNumber of refugees, by host destination, during 2018
Regions of Weaker-Performing Cities
North AmericaPortions of the United States where cities had weak economic performance relative to other U.S. cities
Religious Affiliations (U.S.)
North AmericaA map showing religious affiliations in the United States based on data from the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA).
Religious Groups
Sub-Saharan AfricaThe major religious groups of Sub-Saharan Africa
Religious Practitioners
WorldDistribution of world major religions, as well as, folk and tribal religionsRemittances: Inflow
WorldInflows of migrant remittances, in millions of U.S. dollars
Remittances: Outflow
WorldOutflows of migrant remittances in millions of U.S. dollars
Rice Production
WorldTotal annual rice production, by country.
Rice Production (U.S.)
North AmericaRice production in metric tons by state
Ring of Fire
WorldLocation of the Ring of Fire, a tectonic zone with many active volcanoes and earthquakes
Rural Ethnic European Settlements
North AmericaContemporary rural ethnic European settlements in North America
Salt Marshes
WorldLocation of salt marshes.
Satellite Image of Land Vegetation Index
WorldOur lives depend upon plants and trees. They feed us and give us clothes. They absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen we need to breathe. Plants even provide many of our medicines and building materials. When the plants and trees around us change, these changes can affect our health, our environment, and our economy. For these reasons, and more, scientists monitor plant life around the world. Today, scientists use NASA satellites to map the "greenness" of all Earth's lands. These vegetation index maps show where and how much green leaf vegetation was growing for the time period shown.
Satellite Image of Ocean Chlorophyll
OceansConcentrations of chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton, tiny, floating plants that are an important part of the ocean's food chain. When phytoplankton grow in large numbers they make the ocean appear greenish.
Scattered Indigenous Language Communities
Latin AmericaLinguistic geography of South America
School Shootings (U.S.)
North AmericaShootings at K-12 schools in the United States since 1970.Sea Ice Extent
WorldMean extent of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice between 1981 and 2010
Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (1 m)
WorldAreas vulnerable to a 1-meter rise in sea level
Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (2 m)
WorldAreas vulnerable to a 2-meter rise in sea level
Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (70 m)
WorldAreas vulnerable to a 70-meter rise in sea level, given worst-case scenario conditions
Seasonal Precipitation, April to September
WorldAverage precipitation between April 1 and September 30
Seasonal Precipitation, October to March
WorldAverage precipitation between October 1 and March 31
Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: La Niña
OceansA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during La Niña from November to March during the following years: 1955, 1956, 1965, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1989, and 1999. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific drop below normal, it is known as a La Niña event.
Second-Largest Racial Group (U.S.)
North AmericaThe second-largest racial group in the United States, by county
Selected Native Land Reserves
North AmericaLand set aside for native or aboriginal groups in selected countriesSelected Native Land Reserves (Australia)
Australia & OceaniaLand set aside for native or aboriginal groups in Australia
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
WorldMember states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, a political, economic, and security organization created in 2001
Silk Road (China)
East AsiaLocation of the Silk Road within ChinaSilver Mines
WorldThe world's silver mines
Silver Production by Country
WorldProduction of silver by country
Soft Drink Dialects
North AmericaThe distribution of generic names given to soft drinks in North America
Soil Erosion
WorldAreas of soil degradation where human activities result in high or very high levels of water and wind erosion
South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) Members
South AsiaMember states of the South Asian Free Trade Area, an organization founded in 2004 to create a free trade area among its members
Southern African Development Community (SADC) Members
Sub-Saharan AfricaMember states of the Southern African Development Community, an organization founded in 1980 to enhance economic cooperation among its members
Soybean Production
North AmericaTotal soybean production in the United States
Spanish as Official or de facto Language
WorldCountries where Spanish is an official (or serves as a de facto) language
Spread of Agriculture
WorldThe direction of the spread of crop agriculture from early core areas
Students per Teacher in Primary School
WorldPupils per teacher in primary education by country.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) Emissions
WorldTotal annual emissions of sulfur dioxide by country
Tectonic Hotspots
WorldLocations of tectonic hotspots—areas in the mantle where heat rises as a thermal plume from deep in the Earth.
Temperature Anomalies: El Niño Years
United StatesA composite of temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, 1998, and 2010. Anomalies are the average temperature differences from the base period 1951-2010. When sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it's known as an El Niño event.
Temperature Anomalies: La Niña Years
United StatesA composite of temperature anomalies during La Niña from November to March during the following years: 1955, 1956, 1965, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1989, 1999, and 2011. Anomalies are the average temperature differences from the base period 1951-2010. When sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific drop below normal, it's known as a La Niña event.
The Eastern Pacific Garbage Patch
OceansAlso known as the Pacific trash vortex, it is a widely-dispersed area of marine debris in the north-central Pacific Ocean covering 1.6 million square kilometers (618,000 square miles).
Thunderstorm Occurrence
North AmericaThunderstorm occurrence in North America
Tin Mine Production by Country
WorldProduction of tin by country
Tin Mines
WorldThe world's tin mines
Tobacco Production (U.S.)
North AmericaTobacco production in the United States, in metric tons
Total Debt Service (Percentage of Gross Nation Income)
WorldCosts of principal repayments and interest paid to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as a percentage of total gross national income (GNI)
Total Energy Derived from Hydropower
WorldHydroelectricity as a percentage of total energy production
Total Fertility Rate
WorldThe average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime, by country
Total Migration from the Caribbean to Canada
WorldTotal number of migrants from the Caribbean to CanadaTourism Revenues
WorldRevenue from international tourism in millions of U.S. dollars
Tourist Arrivals
WorldNumber of arriving tourists and visitors by country
Trade Balance
WorldBalance of trade (import value minus export value) by country. Negative numbers mean a country is importing more dollar value than it is exporting. Positive numbers mean a country is exporting more dollar value than it is importing.
Tropical Cyclone Zones
OceansAreas of the world affected by tropical cyclones. In the Americas, tropical cyclones are known as hurricanes; in the western Pacific Ocean, they are known as typhoons; and in the Indian Ocean, they are known as cyclones.
Tropical Forests
WorldLocations of equatorial evergreen broadleaf forests, which are forests that receive high rainfall throughout the year
Trough
North AmericaAn elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure, often associated with fronts
Tsetse Fly Range
Sub-Saharan AfricaLocations in Sub-Saharan Africa where tsetse flies, the potential transmitters of trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are endemic
Tsunami Hazard
WorldCoastal areas at risk of being affected by tsunamis.
Tungsten Mines
WorldThe world's tungsten mines
Tungsten Production by Country
WorldProduction of tungsten by country
TV Ownership
WorldNumber of televisions for every 1,000 persons.
Ukraine Migration Into Europe
WorldThe number of Ukrainian migrants in Europe by country since the invasion by Russia
Unauthorized Immigrant Population (U.S.)
WorldEstimated unauthorized immigrant population in the United States, by state
United Nations Peacekeeping Missions since 1995
WorldLocations of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions since 1995
United Nations Security Council: Permanent Members
WorldCountries comprising the United Nations (UN) Security Council, which is charged with maintaining international peace and security as well as accepting new members into the UN.
United Nations States and Years of Admittance
WorldPeriods of time when countries became members of the United Nations. Use timeline controls at bottom of the map to display data by year.Uranium Mines
WorldThe world's uranium mines
Uranium Production by Country
WorldProduction of uranium by country
Urban Population
WorldPercentage of a country's population living in citiesUrban Population (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of a county's population residing in clusters of at least 2,500 persons
U.S. Counties: Borders
North AmericaCounties of the United States
U.S. Counties: Fills
North AmericaCounties of the United States
U.S. Presidential Election by State: Electoral Votes, 2000
North AmericaElectoral vote totals for the 2000 presidential election by state
U.S. Presidential Election by State: Electoral Votes, 2004
North AmericaElectoral vote totals for the 2004 presidential election by state
U.S. Presidential Election by State: Electoral Votes, 2008
North AmericaElectoral vote totals for the 2008 presidential election by state
U.S. Presidential Election by State: Electoral Votes, 2012
North AmericaElectoral vote totals for the 2012 presidential election by state
U.S. Presidential Election by State: Electoral Votes, 2016
North AmericaElectoral vote totals for the 2016 presidential election by state
U.S. Presidential Election: Electoral Votes, 2020
North AmericaElectoral votes won by Joe Biden or Donald Trump by state
U.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote, 2020 (County)
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to Donald Trump versus Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election
U.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote by County, 2000
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to George W. Bush versus Al Gore in the 2000 presidential electionU.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote by County, 2004
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to George W. Bush versus John Kerry in the 2004 presidential electionU.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote by County, 2008
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to John McCain versus Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential electionU.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote by County, 2012
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to Mitt Romney versus Barack Obama in the 2012 presidential electionU.S. Presidential Election: Popular Vote by County, 2016
North AmericaPercentage of the popular vote by county that went to Donald Trump versus Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election
Vacant Housing Units (U.S.)
North AmericaPercentage of housing in the United States that is vacant, excluding seasonal, recreational, or occasional use
Vegetable Production
North AmericaFarmland used for vegetable production in North America
Volcanoes
WorldTime series map animation showing locations of significant volcanic eruptions from 1800 to 2019. Use timeline controls at bottom of the map to display data by time period.
Volcanoes
WorldTime series map animation showing locations of significant volcanic eruptions from 1800 to 2019. Use timeline controls at bottom of the map to display data by time period.
Wagner Group Locations
WorldLocations of Wagner Group operations
Wallace’s Line
Southeast AsiaThe line delineating the boundary between Australian and Southeast Asian fauna
Warm Currents
WorldWarm water oceanic currents.Warm Front
North AmericaThe leading edge of a warm air massWater Resources Vulnerability
WorldMeasure of projected water stress in the year 2020; water stress is the ratio of total annual water withdrawals to total available annual renewable supply.
Water Use Per Capita
WorldThe estimated amount of water each person uses, by country.
Water Use Per Capita (U.S.)
North AmericaThe estimated amount of water each person uses in the United Sates, by county.
Wheat Production
WorldWorld map of wheat production in million metric tons by country
Wheat Production
North AmericaProduction of wheat in North America at the state or provincial level
Wildland Urban Interface (US)
United StatesWind Direction, January
WorldWind direction relative to atmospheric pressure during January.
Wind Direction, July
WorldWind direction relative to atmospheric pressure during JulyWind-driven Surface Currents
OceansDirection of ocean currents formed by moving air masses.
Women in the Workforce
WorldPercentage of females (ages 15 and older) in the workforce by country
Women's Share of the Population Ages 15 and Older Living with HIV
WorldThe percentage of the total population ages 15 and older who are living with HIV and are female
World Administration Divisions: Borders
WorldPolitical administrative subunits of the worldWorld Administration Divisions: Fills
WorldPolitical administrative subunits of the worldWorld Elevations
WorldElevation of Earth's surface, including the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets.
World Population
WorldPopulation of the countries of the world
World Railroads
WorldLocations of railroads
World Trade Organization
WorldMember and Observer states of the World Trade Organization (WTO), an intergovernmental organization that regulates international trade.
Worldwide Tidal Patterns
WorldTidal patterns throughout the world. A diurnal tidal pattern has one high tide and one low tide each lunar day. A semidiurnal tidal pattern has two high tides and two low tides each lunar day. A mixed tidal pattern may have characteristics of both diurnal and semidiurnal tides. Successive high tides and/or low tides will have significantly different heights.
Years of Schooling
WorldAverage number of years of educational attainment by countryYellow Fever Risk Areas
Sub-Saharan AfricaLocations in Sub-Saharan Africa where yellow fever is endemic
Zinc Mine Production by Country
WorldProduction of zinc by country
Zinc Mines
WorldThe world's zinc mines