Ecological Regions: Level 1 Regions
North AmericaPhysical EnvironmentExtent of the Level I Ecological Regions of North America
EPAA map of North America shows various ecological regions, each marked with a distinct color to represent different Level 1 ecological regions.
Arctic Cordillera (Red): Found in the northernmost parts of Canada, specifically the Arctic Archipelago. Tundra (Blue): Covers large portions of northern Canada, including parts of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, as well as coastal areas of Alaska. Taiga (Purple): Spans across central and northern Canada, covering parts of Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia. Hudson Plain (Orange): Located in the northeastern part of Canada, around the Hudson Bay area. Boreal Forests (Yellow): Encompasses large areas in Canada, south of the tundra and taiga regions, and extends into parts of Newfoundland and Labrador. Northwestern Forested Mountains (Green): Found along the western coast of Canada and the United States, covering parts of British Columbia and Alaska. Marine West Coast Forest (Brown): Occupies the coastal regions of the Pacific Northwest, including areas in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and northern California. Eastern Temperate Forests (Pink): Stretch from the Great Lakes region through the northeastern United States and into eastern Canada. Great Plains (Grey): Span the central United States from Canada to Texas, including parts of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and several central U.S. states. Deserts and Steppes (Dark Green): Found in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, covering areas in Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of California and Nevada. Mediterranean California (Dark Pink): Specific to the coastal regions of central and southern California. Southern Semi-Arid Highlands (Gold): Located in central Mexico and parts of the southwestern United States. Temperate Sierras (Dark Brown): Found in Mexico, primarily in the Sierra Madre ranges. Tropical Dry Forests (Light Brown): Present in parts of southern Mexico and Central America. Tropical Wet Forests (Light Tan): Located in the southeastern part of Mexico and Central America, including the Yucatan Peninsula.
Arctic Cordillera | Tundra | Taiga | Hudson Plain | Boreal forests | Northwestern forested mountains | Marine west coast forest | Eastern temperate forests | Great Plains | Deserts and steppes | Mediterranean California | Southern semi-arid highlands | Temperate sierras | Tropical wet forests | 0-5 | 5-10 | 10-20 | 20-40 | 40-80 | 2000–3,999 m | 500–1,999 m | 200–499 m | 1–199 m | Below sea level to 0 m | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 25.1% | 6.23% | 14.3% | 3.61% | 13.5% | 44.9% | 31.7% | 4.93% | 0.312% | 0.159% | 3.83% | 0.187% | ||||||||||||
Arizona | 66.3% | 12.9% | 19.7% | 27.8% | 70.8% | 1.40% | 4.23% | 75.1% | 13.5% | 0.123% | ||||||||||||||
Utah | 19.3% | 80.3% | 19.7% | 80.3% | 28.9% | 4.66% | ||||||||||||||||||
Yukon | 7.08% | 38.7% | 53.4% | 1.73% | 79.6% | 16.9% | 1.69% | 2.03% | 1.62% | 0.171% | 2.08% | |||||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 3.04% | 63.7% | 23.4% | 64.7% | 8.79% | 0.701% | 1.01% | 0.274% | ||||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | 100% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Florida | 84.3% | 14.5% | 86.4% | 10.2% | 97.2% | 0.723% | ||||||||||||||||||
Idaho | 57.3% | 40.7% | 6.16% | 73.2% | 20.6% | 20.0% | 1.27% | |||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 82.5% | 17.5% | 100% | 24.8% | 51.0% | 24.2% | ||||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 92.1% | 100% | 91.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Vermont | 86.9% | 13.1% | 100% | 5.41% | 75.7% | 16.8% | ||||||||||||||||||
Washington | 44.1% | 18.2% | 34.8% | 20.5% | 31.6% | 40.9% | 5.77% | 3.74% | 0.127% | 0.321% | ||||||||||||||
Wyoming | 6.11% | 27.1% | 46.4% | 69.2% | 30.8% | 48.7% | 0.191% | |||||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 1.96% | 1.52% | 3.41% | 33.5% | 53.8% | 3.41% | 0.590% | 0.103% | 0.752% | |||||||||||||||
Montana | 31.6% | 66.0% | 21.7% | 78.3% | 7.68% | 92.3% | ||||||||||||||||||
Maine | 44.1% | 52.2% | 98.4% | 3.08% | 49.6% | 46.1% | ||||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 100% | 100% | 1.28% | 41.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 100% | 100% | 2.03% | 67.9% | 1.14% | |||||||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 17.5% | 6.61% | 76.3% | 5.47% | 9.63% | |||||||||||||||||||
Virginia | 99.4% | 98.0% | 25.3% | 22.3% | 50.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Delaware | 98.4% | 99.2% | 97.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 89.2% | 54.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan | 8.06% | 57.8% | 33.4% | 12.0% | 88.0% | 0.419% | 47.4% | |||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | 99.9% | 99.9% | 99.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 100% | 100% | 41.2% | 57.1% | 1.62% | |||||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | 76.5% | 23.5% | 80.9% | 19.1% | |||||||||||||||||||
Texas | 17.3% | 4.05% | 13.1% | 5.18% | 70.3% | 24.2% | 45.6% | 17.8% | 36.4% | |||||||||||||||
Missouri | 60.6% | 39.4% | 100% | 86.5% | 13.5% | |||||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | 86.4% | 12.6% | 97.7% | 93.8% | 0.383% | |||||||||||||||||||
Hawaii | 41.5% | 0.312% | 0.691% | 0.644% | ||||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 99.2% | 99.2% | 15.5% | 22.7% | 59.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Oregon | 53.3% | 14.9% | 7.11% | 22.6% | 52.1% | 25.2% | 81.4% | 2.26% | 0.478% | |||||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 3.19% | 95.8% | 98.9% | 37.0% | 58.8% | |||||||||||||||||||
Alabama | 99.9% | 99.9% | 24.8% | 75.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 8.59% | 32.9% | 7.36% | 1.32% | 3.54% | 49.3% | 50.7% | 28.8% | 69.9% | |||||||||||||||
Kansas | 99.9% | 49.1% | 50.9% | 51.4% | 48.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 31.7% | 66.5% | 1.10% | 5.33% | 94.0% | 2.16% | 95.2% | 1.75% | ||||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 7.72% | 4.25% | 60.9% | 6.59% | 4.95% | 6.58% | 74.8% | 16.1% | 0.142% | 0.679% | 0.195% | 3.52% | 0.563% | |||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 5.23% | 56.9% | 22.4% | 41.1% | 53.3% | 1.34% | 39.7% | 2.34% | ||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 11.2% | 86.6% | 99.8% | 16.4% | 80.4% | |||||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | 99.7% | 99.9% | 1.04% | 11.8% | 86.6% | 0.391% | ||||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 25.2% | 1.08% | 74.9% | 19.2% | 0.349% | 83.9% | 12.8% | 0.190% | ||||||||||||||||
Alberta | 17.4% | 54.4% | 6.61% | 21.1% | 11.5% | 88.5% | 0.430% | 0.453% | 22.3% | |||||||||||||||
Connecticut | 15.9% | 84.0% | 99.9% | 20.0% | 79.4% | |||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 3.06% | 79.4% | 100% | 20.4% | 65.0% | 0.204% | ||||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 38.2% | 42.1% | 2.98% | 39.8% | 60.2% | 49.6% | 1.04% | |||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 99.6% | 59.6% | 40.4% | 0.567% | 92.4% | |||||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 32.4% | 63.3% | 88.5% | 3.87% | 32.8% | 55.0% | ||||||||||||||||||
Georgia | 99.9% | 99.9% | 3.30% | 26.4% | 69.4% | 0.831% | ||||||||||||||||||
New York | 19.7% | 1.05% | 14.8% | 82.5% | 4.04% | 49.6% | 0.993% | |||||||||||||||||
Maryland | 97.9% | 98.7% | 7.33% | 7.75% | 80.9% | 2.82% | ||||||||||||||||||
Québec | 1.01% | 37.0% | 2.25% | 3.73% | 1.51% | 2.23% | 49.6% | 46.9% | 0.242% | 54.2% | 0.385% | |||||||||||||
Manitoba | 22.1% | 11.3% | 55.4% | 10.0% | 0.241% | 99.7% | 0.246% | 72.5% | 23.3% | |||||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 21.6% | 78.4% | 37.6% | 62.4% | 21.8% | 70.1% | 8.07% | |||||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 100% | 100% | 5.10% | 57.9% | 31.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 28.1% | 64.1% | 7.08% | 91.7% | 7.15% | 64.3% | 31.1% | |||||||||||||||||
California | 26.9% | 2.89% | 29.8% | 39.7% | 67.0% | 31.4% | 6.79% | 1.42% | 0.420% | 0.348% | 1.23% | |||||||||||||
Arkansas | 100% | 100% | 1.84% | 28.8% | 69.4% | |||||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 3.94% | 96.1% | 100% | 8.14% | 25.3% | |||||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 99.9% | 0.563% | 99.0% | 96.2% | 3.80% | |||||||||||||||||||
Indiana | 100% | 100% | 71.4% | 0.711% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 40.6% | 24.1% | 35.2% | 50.3% | 49.6% | 1.27% | 95.8% | |||||||||||||||||
Iowa | 6.36% | 93.6% | 2.53% | 97.5% | 99.7% | 0.283% | ||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 99.9% | 100% | 42.1% | 1.04% |