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Water Resources Vulnerability

WorldPhysical EnvironmentSocial / HealthEconomic

Measure of projected water stress in the year 2020; water stress is the ratio of total annual water withdrawals to total available annual renewable supply.

World Resources Institute

A world map shows water resources vulnerability.

Areas shaded in light yellow represent regions with arid and low water use, predominantly found in parts of Australia (central regions), Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Mauritania, and Yemen. Regions with low vulnerability, less than 10 percent, are shown in light orange and are primarily located in most parts of Africa, South America, Canada, Russia, most of Asia. Areas with low-medium vulnerability, ranging from 10 to 20 percent, are depicted in orange and are scattered throughout some parts of Japan and U S A, some parts of Asia and Europe. Medium-high vulnerability areas, between 20 to 40 percent, are shown in light red and are mainly found in South Africa, China, and many more. High vulnerability regions, ranging from 40 to 80 percent, are shaded in red and are located in parts of U S A, Europe, and Asia. Areas with extremely high vulnerability, over 80 percent, are shown in dark red and include most of U S A and Asia. Some areas such as Greenland and South Pole are marked with a gray shade, indicating no data available for those regions.

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Water Resources Vulnerability

Oil Refineries

Principal Aquifers

No data

Arid and low water use

Low (<10%)

Low-medium (10-20%)

Medium-high (20-40%)

High (40-80%)

Extremely high (>80%)

BP Amoco Cherry Point Refinery

BP Texas City Refinery

BP Toledo Refinery

BP West Coast Products Refinery

BP Whiting Refinery

Chalmette Refining LLC Refinery

Chevron El Segundo Refinery

Citgo Corpus Christi Refinery

Citgo Petroleum Corp Lake Charles Refinery

Coffeyville Resources Refinery

ConocoPhillips Alliance (Belle Chasse) Oil Refinery LA USA

ConocoPhillips Borger Refinery

ConocoPhillips Linden Refinery

ConocoPhillips Ponca City Refinery

ConocoPhillips Sweeny Refinery

ConocoPhillips Westlake Refinery

ConocoPhillips Wilmington Refinery

ConocoPhillips Wood River Refinery

Crown Central Petroleum Corp Refinery

Deer Park Refining LTD Ptnrshp Refinery

ExxonMobil Baytown Refinery USA

ExxonMobil Beaumont Refinery

ExxonMobil Joliet Refinery

ExxonMobil Torrance Refinery

Flint Hills Resources LP Refinery

Flint Hills Resources LP Saint Paul Refinery

Flint Hills Resources North Pole Refinery

Frontier Refining and Marketing Inc El Dorado Refinery

Imperial Oil Nanticoke Refinery

Imperial Oil Sarnia Refinery

Imperial Oil Strathcona Refinery

Irving Oil Limited Refinery

Lyondell Citgo Refining Houston Refinery

Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC Catlettsburg Refinery

Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC Garyville Refinery

Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC Robinson Refinery

Motiva Enterprises LLC Convent Refinery

Motiva Enterprises LLC Norco Refinery

Motiva Enterprises LLC Port Arthur Refinery

Murphy Oil U.S.A. Inc Meraux Refinery

North Atlantic Refining Come by Chance Refinery

PBF Paulsboro Refinery NJ USA

PDV Midwest Refining LLC Lemont Refinery

Petro Canada Edmonton Refinery

Petro Canada Montreal Refinery

Premcor Refining Group Inc Lima Refinery

Premcor Refining Group Inc Memphis Refinery

Premcor Refining Group Inc Port Arthur Refinery

Premcore Refining Group Inc Delaware Refinery

Shell Anacortes Refinery

Shell Montreal East Refinery

Shell Oil Martinez Refinery

Shell Scotford Refinery

Sunoco Philadelphia Refinery

Sunoco Toledo Refinery

Tesoro Golden Eagle Martinez Refinery

Total Petrochemicals Inc Port Arthur Refinery

Ultramar(Valero) Jean-Gaulin Refinery

Valero Energy Corp Sunray Refinery

Valero Refining Co Corpus Christi West Refinery

Valero Refining Co Texas City Refinery

Valero Refining Corpus Christi East Plant

Valero Refining Port Arthur Refinery

Valero Saint Charles Oil Refinery LA USA

Valero Wilmington Refinery

Western Refining Co El Paso Refinery

Consolidated rock aquifers

Combination aquifers

Productive aquifers

New Hampshire
17.2%33.7%40.5%8.46%
Rhode Island
0.183%86.5%6.09%
Vermont
7.27%88.3%4.41%
Maine
94.9%2.65%0.228%0.817%
Hawaii
7.82%
Massachusetts
0.206%0.166%33.6%8.30%30.7%
Alaska
0.132%87.9%0.193%0.154%1.32%1
Arizona
3.34%9.37%6.97%0.448%4.52%5.15%
Utah
20.8%13.7%0.313%0.420%49.5%2.03%
Yukon
0.923%99.0%83.0%
Northwest Territories
0.342%3.62%37.6%
District of Columbia
100%55.6%
Florida
10.4%12.0%0.279%0.266%0.590%25.3%1.48%
Idaho
0.772%13.8%28.4%8.83%44.9%1.85%6.13%
Washington
72.6%3.37%5.42%0.287%6.53%111.17%
Wyoming
21.7%0.541%70.3%3.58%
Nunavut
0.979%18.2%2.51%
Montana
28.7%2.60%14.6%5.24%35.2%1.34%
North Dakota
7.38%3.22%4.45%0.249%9.67%36.7%3.00%6.69%
Kentucky
76.6%17.7%5.68%18.30%
Nova Scotia
0.182%80.1%29.2%
Virginia
11.9%0.775%16.4%1.64%8.27%
Delaware
0.105%37.7%61.1%198.6%
Prince Edward Island
98.5%77.5%
Saskatchewan
4.25%59.9%2.62%2.54%2.67%0.868%11.0%
Mississippi
74.5%1.57%23.9%99.6%
West Virginia
63.6%17.6%14.6%1.96%
Nebraska
0.605%3.54%22.3%73.5%75.9%
Texas
4.07%3.41%2.84%1.94%22.5%2.71%111111111111111111127.0%
Missouri
45.5%14.9%0.131%5.37%56.4%
Louisiana
54.5%20.6%5.75%11111111198.6%
North Carolina
0.116%12.2%54.7%3.14%0.982%7.59%
Oregon
14.3%48.2%11.8%4.82%0.772%0.847%1.21%1.53%
New Brunswick
99.5%150.2%
Alabama
92.6%5.45%0.987%4.32%
New Mexico
30.3%0.128%7.32%21.7%4.90%2.15%
Kansas
0.176%1.82%13.8%68.4%111.62%5.11%
Wisconsin
5.67%25.0%40.8%9.68%12.5%1.43%
British Columbia
92.0%1.55%0.285%59.8%
Newfoundland and Labrador
74.5%15.25%
New Jersey
0.162%3.07%94.0%1.76%1158.8%
South Carolina
0.748%24.6%36.2%30.0%2.54%
Michigan
56.0%3.00%4.63%9.70%16.1%16.3%
Alberta
3.52%56.8%0.267%4.01%3.67%11.4%1116.33%
Connecticut
0.460%29.6%24.9%23.8%1.35%2.14%
Pennsylvania
1.42%27.8%49.9%3.96%111.6%
Colorado
0.795%9.40%85.2%2.33%2.58%
Nevada
8.21%0.731%1.40%0.413%2.80%24.0%1.63%2.87%
Georgia
8.71%47.0%37.9%2.57%17.9%
New York
25.4%5.89%56.3%5.19%0.401%3.15%
Maryland
0.151%4.45%64.3%1.05%8.49%34.3%
Québec
99.1%0.240%1111.02%
Manitoba
0.656%83.1%11.7%2.04%1.39%2.62%
Oklahoma
11.4%5.60%4.28%17.9%30.0%11.97%2.69%
Tennessee
90.1%5.50%117.6%
Ontario
97.2%1.67%1.13%115.05%
California
0.688%12.5%0.232%17.8%2.26%1.00%11111114.23%1.35%
Arkansas
12.6%46.8%33.2%6.01%15.9%
South Dakota
32.7%3.47%37.3%22.0%10.3%6.62%
Ohio
3.42%0.721%29.0%11115.0%
Indiana
0.434%1.19%8.61%4.78%111.6%
Minnesota
21.0%3.81%13.1%23.4%22.0%12.27%3.62%
Iowa
26.6%12.5%44.0%16.3%0.628%2.05%
Illinois
30.9%0.187%44.1%9.75%111133.0%3.68%
0.16.0