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Principal Aquifers

North AmericaPhysical Environment

Locations of various aquifers in North America, including consolidated rock aquifers, which are made up of mostly volcanic rocks in the Northwest and mostly sandstone and limestone elsewhere; combination aquifers, which are sand and gravel aquifers overlying productive rock aquifers; and productive aquifers, which have a 0.4 liter/second potential

Geosystems: Intro to Physical Geography

A map highlights the principal aquifers across North America, categorized into three types.

Consolidated rock aquifers, shaded in green, are predominantly found in northern Canada, including regions like Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, and extending into parts of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Also found in the northern Canada regions like Victoria Island, Parry Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and Ellesmere Island, also extending to Southern regions like Winnipeg, Ottawa, and Halifax. Combination aquifers, shaded in orange, are primarily located in the central and eastern United States, covering areas in states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota, and extending to parts of the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast, including New York, Pennsylvania, and Florida. Productive aquifers, also shaded in light green, are found in regions of Florida and across the western United States near Oregon.

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Principal Aquifers

Political Units, 1914

Major Karst Regions

Hydroelectric Power Production

Consolidated rock aquifers

Combination aquifers

Productive aquifers

Alaska Territory, United States

Canada

Hawaii, United States

Mexico

United States

Major Karst Regions

Bad Creek Hydroelectric Power Plant SC USA

Bath County Pumped Storage Hydroelecric Power Plant VA USA

Beauharnois Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Bersimis-1 Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Blenheim Gilboa Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Power Plant NY USA

Bonneville Hydro Power Plant OR USA

Boundary Dam Hydro Power Plant WA USA

Castaic Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Power Plant CA USA

Chief Joseph Hydro Power Plant WA USA

Churchill Falls Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

G M Shrum (W.A.C. Bennett) Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Glen Canyon Dam Hydro Power Plant AZ USA

Grand Coulee Hydro Power Plant WA USA

Helms Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Power Plant CA USA

Hoover Dam Hydro Power Plant AZ/NV USA

John Day Hydro Power Plant OR USA

Kettle Rapids Hydroelectric generating Station Canada

La Grande-1 Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

La Grande-2-A Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

La grande-3 Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

La grande-4 Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Limestone Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Long Spruce Hydroelectric Geneerating Station Canada

Ludington Hydro Power Plant MI USA

Manic-2 (Jean-Lesage) Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Manic-3 (Rene-Levesque) Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Manic-5 Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Manic-5-PA Hydroelectric generating Station Canada

Mica Creek Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Muddy Run Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant PA USA

Northfield Mountain Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant MA USA

Outardes-3 Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

R.H. Saunders Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Raccoon Mountain Pumped Storage Hydro Power Plant TN USA

Revelstoke Hydroelectric Power Plant Canada

Robert Moses Niagara Hydro Power Plant NY USA

Robert-Bourassa Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

Rocky Mountain Pumped Storage Hydro Hydro Power Plant GA USA

Rocky Reach Hydro Power Plant WA USA

Sir Adam Beck II Hydroelectric Generating Station Canada

The Dalles Hydro Power Plant OR USA

Toktogul Hydroelectric Power Plant Kyrgyzstan

Wanapum Hydro Power Plant WA USA

Alaska
97.8%
District of Columbia
55.6%100%
New Hampshire
0.210%99.8%
Rhode Island
92.4%
Vermont
0.222%99.8%
Montana
1.34%100%
Delaware
98.6%96.8%
Prince Edward Island
77.5%61.3%
Saskatchewan
11.0%99.9%
Louisiana
98.6%98.3%
Hawaii
76.1%
New Jersey
58.8%96.7%
Colorado
2.33%2.58%100%
South Dakota
10.3%6.62%100%
Ohio
15.0%100%
Utah
2.03%100%16.5%
Yukon
83.0%100%2.27%
Northwest Territories
37.6%98.8%1.44%
Florida
25.3%1.48%98.4%42.1%
Idaho
1.85%6.13%100%0.527%
Wyoming
3.58%100%4.22%
Nunavut
2.51%96.9%3.79%
Maine
0.730%98.1%1.04%
North Dakota
3.00%6.69%100%18.3%
Kentucky
8.30%100%7.06%
Nova Scotia
29.2%93.9%45.5%
Mississippi
99.6%99.9%5.48%
West Virginia
1.96%100%27.1%
Nebraska
75.9%100%5.07%
Texas
27.0%0.127%99.6%0.625%
Missouri
56.4%100%0.407%
North Carolina
7.59%98.5%13.2%
New Brunswick
50.2%98.6%0.421%7.07%
Alabama
4.32%99.9%6.35%
New Mexico
4.90%2.15%100%29.5%
Kansas
1.62%5.11%100%2.31%
Wisconsin
12.5%1.43%100%31.1%
Alberta
6.33%100%4.20%
Nevada
1.63%2.87%100%4.77%
Maryland
34.3%96.0%0.239%
Oklahoma
1.97%2.69%100%4.68%
Arkansas
15.9%100%17.2%
Indiana
11.6%100%33.8%
Minnesota
2.27%3.62%0.174%99.8%16.9%
Iowa
2.05%100%0.441%
Illinois
33.0%3.68%100%16.2%
Arizona
5.15%100%6.12%11
Washington
1.17%98.8%111111
Virginia
8.27%99.2%17.5%1
Oregon
1.21%1.53%99.9%11
British Columbia
59.8%98.9%111
Newfoundland and Labrador
5.25%98.5%9.36%1
South Carolina
30.0%2.54%99.9%1
Michigan
16.1%16.3%99.9%8.03%1
Connecticut
2.14%99.3%1
Pennsylvania
11.6%100%14.8%1
Massachusetts
93.5%1
Georgia
2.57%17.9%99.8%38.3%1
New York
3.15%0.175%99.2%1.63%111
Québec
1.02%99.4%2.89%111111111111
Manitoba
2.62%99.9%13.2%111
Tennessee
17.6%100%4.04%1
Ontario
5.05%99.9%5.81%1
California
4.23%1.35%99.6%11
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