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Principal Aquifers

North AmericaPhysical Environment

Locations of various aquifers in North America, including consolidated rock aquifers, which are made up of mostly volcanic rocks in the Northwest and mostly sandstone and limestone elsewhere; combination aquifers, which are sand and gravel aquifers overlying productive rock aquifers; and productive aquifers, which have a 0.4 liter/second potential

Geosystems: Intro to Physical Geography

A map highlights the principal aquifers across North America, categorized into three types.

Consolidated rock aquifers, shaded in green, are predominantly found in northern Canada, including regions like Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, and extending into parts of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Also found in the northern Canada regions like Victoria Island, Parry Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and Ellesmere Island, also extending to Southern regions like Winnipeg, Ottawa, and Halifax. Combination aquifers, shaded in orange, are primarily located in the central and eastern United States, covering areas in states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota, and extending to parts of the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast, including New York, Pennsylvania, and Florida. Productive aquifers, also shaded in light green, are found in regions of Florida and across the western United States near Oregon.

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Display by:	Principal Aquifers			Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño					Vegetable Production			Average Annual Snowfall						Regions of Weaker-Performing Cities	Coal (Bituminous, Anthracite) Mines
	Consolidated rock aquifers	Combination aquifers	Productive aquifers	-0.25 to 0.25	0.75 to 1.0	1.0 to 1.25	1.25 to 1.5	1.5 to 1.75	Class	Rank	Acres	160 in and over	110–159 in	60–109 in	30–59 in	15–29 in	Under 15 in	Regions of Weaker-Performing Cities	Coal (Bituminous, Anthracite) Mines
Alaska				0.318%						58	1.02e+3	1.37%	9.46%	49.7%	6.89%
Yukon			83.0%							61	47.0	6.60%	27.0%	1.28%	39.2%
Northwest Territories			37.6%							62	8.00		2.52%	8.57%	66.7%	3.09%
District of Columbia	55.6%									63	0.00					100%
New Hampshire										52	3.70e+3			47.6%	52.4%
Rhode Island				4.64%						56	2.24e+3				3.82%
Vermont										53	3.45e+3			87.5%	12.5%
Nunavut			2.51%	0.352%						64	0.00		1.25%	8.66%	3.24%	2.55%
Maine				0.133%						20	6.22e+4		8.65%	87.1%	3.81%
North Dakota	3.00%	6.69%								18	7.90e+4				38.9%	61.1%
Nova Scotia			29.2%	0.847%						48	7.42e+3			19.0%
Virginia	8.27%			0.126%						36	2.27e+4					64.7%	35.2%
Delaware	98.6%			0.762%						29	3.36e+4				5.45%	93.8%
Prince Edward Island			77.5%	1.25%		0.264%				16	8.89e+4			98.8%
Saskatchewan			11.0%							46	7.74e+3				95.9%	1.98%
West Virginia	1.96%									55	2.65e+3				57.4%	42.6%
Nebraska	75.9%									34	2.33e+4				39.2%	60.8%
Hawaii				1.74%	1.20%	0.113%	0.444%	2.10%		45	8.58e+3						10.4%
North Carolina	7.59%			0.319%						9	1.55e+5						99.0%
New Brunswick			50.2%	0.522%						23	4.87e+4		50.9%	48.6%
New Mexico	4.90%	2.15%								32	2.80e+4			8.69%	12.8%	21.6%	56.9%
Kansas	1.62%	5.11%								51	6.38e+3					76.2%	23.8%
Newfoundland and Labrador			5.25%	0.392%						57	1.39e+3	1.25%	10.4%	8.92%
New Jersey	58.8%			0.329%						25	4.78e+4				45.8%	53.6%
South Carolina	30.0%	2.54%								30	3.03e+4						99.9%
Connecticut	2.14%									43	9.25e+3				99.9%
Massachusetts				1.78%						38	1.90e+4				98.2%
New York	3.15%			0.105%						13	1.25e+5		3.86%	64.9%	2.90%
Maryland	34.3%			0.874%						31	2.93e+4				16.2%	83.0%
Québec			1.02%							12	1.34e+5	12.6%	33.5%	46.1%	3.40%
Manitoba			2.62%							19	6.88e+4			52.6%	46.9%
Oklahoma	1.97%	2.69%								49	6.86e+3						99.6%
Tennessee	17.6%									33	2.77e+4					8.28%	91.7%
Ontario			5.05%							7	1.70e+5		9.58%	86.3%	3.20%
Arkansas	15.9%									42	1.11e+4						100%
South Dakota	10.3%	6.62%								59	830				60.2%	39.8%
Iowa	2.05%									47	7.70e+3				47.2%	52.8%
Florida	25.3%	1.48%		0.596%						5	2.45e+5						99.4%	98.0%
Washington	1.17%			0.513%						3	3.26e+5		7.48%	30.0%	25.7%	7.10%	19.9%	11.4%
Mississippi	99.6%									27	3.68e+4						100%	16.0%
Louisiana	98.6%			0.184%						40	1.29e+4						99.6%	19.2%
Wisconsin	12.5%	1.43%								4	2.51e+5			3.31%	96.1%			51.5%
Michigan	16.1%	16.3%								8	1.66e+5			13.1%	57.5%			52.9%
Pennsylvania	11.6%									24	4.81e+4			4.01%	95.7%			6.30%
Georgia	2.57%	17.9%								14	1.09e+5						99.9%	32.1%
Minnesota	2.27%	3.62%								6	2.12e+5			6.02%	92.1%	1.85%		10.2%
Illinois	33.0%	3.68%								22	6.14e+4				18.2%	68.2%	13.6%	11.9%
Arizona	5.15%									11	1.45e+5					19.7%	80.1%	65.7%	3
Utah	2.03%									50	6.69e+3			3.97%	40.0%	27.9%	25.0%	7.30%	2
Idaho	1.85%	6.13%								2	3.54e+5		4.80%	1.86%	68.1%	1.76%			32
Wyoming	3.58%									60	617			48.2%	50.6%				1
Montana	1.34%									41	1.18e+4		1.78%	37.5%	50.0%	8.90%			3
Kentucky	8.30%									44	8.96e+3					30.8%	69.2%	23.6%	2
Texas	27.0%			0.183%						15	1.02e+5						99.8%		1
Missouri	56.4%									39	1.85e+4					76.8%	23.2%		25
Oregon	1.21%	1.53%								10	1.54e+5		9.17%	6.14%	26.6%	1.05%	18.6%	69.4%	3
Alabama	4.32%									37	1.97e+4						100%	33.3%	1
British Columbia			59.8%	0.126%						35	2.30e+4	1.49%	2.94%	2.84%	9.04%	1.50%			5
Alberta			6.33%							21	6.17e+4		4.59%	15.5%	78.2%	1.72%			1
Colorado	2.33%	2.58%								17	7.93e+4			30.9%	47.9%	20.2%	1.04%		13
Nevada	1.63%	2.87%								54	3.20e+3			7.06%	22.8%	22.5%	39.6%	85.0%	2
California	4.23%	1.35%		0.110%						1	1.17e+6			5.57%	6.20%	14.9%	73.0%	99.6%	2
Ohio	15.0%									28	3.53e+4			2.34%	56.3%	41.4%		60.8%	31
Indiana	11.6%									26	4.01e+4				25.6%	72.5%	1.94%	56.0%	5

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