Mean Sea-Surface Temperature
OceansPhysical EnvironmentAverage sea-surface temperatures between 1990 and 2020
NOAAMean sea-surface temperatures shown using patterns of latitudinal bands extend roughly east to west. The coldest temperatures are shown in the northern latitudes. Temperatures warm as latitudes near the equator.
Sea-surface temperatures create latitudinal bands extending east to west, influenced by ocean currents and continents. In the tropics, temperatures range from 24.0 to 32.0 degrees Celsius; in the midlatitudes, from 8.0 to 23.9 degrees Celsius; and in higher latitudes and polar regions, from negative 2.0 to 7.9 degrees Celsius. Significant deviations occur along the Atlantic coast of western Europe, where temperatures are warmer than the east coast of North America at the same latitude, and along the Pacific coast of Canada, the Atlantic coasts of Canada and the northeastern United States, and the western coasts of South America and southern Africa, where waters are cooler than expected. The hottest ocean areas are between Indonesia and Australia (30.0 to 32.0 degrees Celsius), followed by tropical parts of the western Pacific and Indian oceans, and small areas along the coasts of West Africa and Central America (28.0 to 29.9 degrees Celsius).
-2.0 to 0.0 | 0.0 to 1.9 | 2.0 to 3.9 | 4.0 to 5.9 | 6.0 to 7.9 | 8.0 to 9.9 | 10.0 to 11.9 | 12.0 to 13.9 | 14.0 to 15.9 | 18.0 to 19.9 | 20.0 to 21.9 | 22.0 to 23.9 | 24.0 to 25.9 | 26.0 to 27.9 | 28.0 to 29.9 | Continental Shelf | Barren or Sparsely Vegetated Areas | Commercial gardening | Dairy | Grain | Intensive subsistence, wet rice not dominant | Little or no agriculture | Livestock Ranching | Mediterranean | Mixed crop and livestock | Plantation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.243% | 0.756% | 0.368% | 1.23% | 0.159% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Arizona | 2.59% | 11.4% | 12.2% | 74.4% | 0.405% | 0.105% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Utah | 6.05% | 2.61% | 10.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yukon | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 0.540% | 0.420% | 0.342% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.797% | 0.110% | 0.317% | 0.665% | 1.79% | 0.114% | 0.118% | |||||||||||||||||||
Idaho | 4.10% | 31.1% | 53.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 23.1% | 76.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.89% | 5.84% | 3.94% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Vermont | 0.385% | 99.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Washington | 0.825% | 0.997% | 11.0% | 0.217% | 6.88% | 24.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Wyoming | 10.2% | 23.1% | 18.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 2.12% | 1.49% | 0.595% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Montana | 25.6% | 30.7% | 5.29% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Maine | 0.534% | 0.686% | 0.284% | 20.2% | 37.6% | 12.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 32.1% | 63.4% | 2.35% | 2.14% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 1.84% | 0.489% | 0.275% | 0.472% | 3.29% | 0.183% | 49.4% | |||||||||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.725% | 0.705% | 12.3% | 80.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Delaware | 1.06% | 2.06% | 99.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 5.18% | 12.7% | 98.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan | 1.89% | 11.9% | 81.2% | 5.04% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | 17.6% | 49.2% | 33.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 13.1% | 86.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 33.9% | 2.53% | 63.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Texas | 0.214% | 0.261% | 3.30% | 2.73% | 33.1% | 56.8% | 0.184% | |||||||||||||||||||
Missouri | 96.0% | 4.01% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | 1.00% | 1.29% | 0.203% | 45.3% | 11.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Hawaii | 10.0% | 0.778% | 4.46% | 1.65% | 58.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 0.239% | 0.183% | 0.286% | 0.611% | 0.120% | 69.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon | 3.15% | 41.2% | 22.3% | 5.82% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.647% | 0.219% | 0.785% | 0.147% | 0.167% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Alabama | 0.114% | 0.101% | 19.1% | 80.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 0.302% | 5.01% | 0.786% | 4.18% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Kansas | 44.9% | 0.337% | 54.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 0.545% | 97.7% | 0.782% | 1.50% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 1.06% | 1.05% | 1.22% | 2.96% | 0.192% | 1.58% | 0.252% | 17.2% | ||||||||||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 1.04% | 0.607% | 2.04% | 25.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.163% | 1.14% | 2.40% | 0.133% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | 32.9% | 67.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 1.89% | 99.0% | 0.555% | 0.431% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Alberta | 13.2% | 76.8% | 0.686% | 7.41% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | 0.194% | 0.150% | 99.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 15.9% | 5.77% | 35.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 0.215% | 35.4% | 46.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 1.08% | 5.36% | 0.608% | 0.185% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.32% | 2.66% | 0.220% | 4.75% | 0.491% | 6.18% | 0.195% | |||||||||||||||||||
Georgia | 0.230% | 0.232% | 4.17% | 60.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
New York | 0.265% | 0.344% | 0.761% | 2.89% | 55.9% | 15.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Maryland | 2.09% | 2.12% | 0.157% | 24.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Québec | 0.165% | 0.215% | 2.81% | 1.06% | 0.475% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Manitoba | 2.12% | 97.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 4.69% | 21.6% | 73.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 99.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 0.375% | 2.23% | 0.558% | 0.386% | 93.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||
California | 0.120% | 0.206% | 0.133% | 7.01% | 4.11% | 9.14% | 51.8% | 34.7% | ||||||||||||||||||
Arkansas | 0.748% | 33.1% | 66.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 0.441% | 8.22% | 19.4% | 71.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 40.0% | 60.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indiana | 4.74% | 95.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 56.7% | 29.9% | 13.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Iowa | 5.06% | 2.79% | 92.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 5.45% | 18.4% | 76.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||