Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Approximate Form and Extent of Outcrop of Carbonate Rocks | Class | Rank | Metric tons | Ultisols | Aridisols | Histosols | Entisols | Rocky Land | Alfisols | Spodosols | Gelisols | Inceptisols | Andisols | Vertisols | Mollisols | Ice/Glacier | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.311% | 1.20% | 0.159% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 1.15% | 5.56% | 29.2% | 9.16% | 4.00% | 5.44% | 0.754% | 6.87% | 5.89% | 3.80% | 7.01% | 1.28% | 2.72% | 23.6% | 5.25% |