Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Approximate Form and Extent of Outcrop of Carbonate Rocks | 2.0 to 3.0 | 3.0 to 4.0 | 4.0 to 5.0 | 5.0 to 7.0 | 7.0 to 9.0 | 9.0 to 11.0 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | 6.12% | 51.8% | 41.5% | 0.619% | ||||||||
Arizona | 54.1% | 45.9% | |||||||||||
Utah | 100% | ||||||||||||
Yukon | 0.183% | 84.6% | 15.2% | ||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 42.5% | 40.6% | 16.9% | ||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | ||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 8.54% | 80.2% | 19.8% | ||||||||
Idaho | 100% | ||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 100% | ||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 100% | |||||||||||
Vermont | 100% | ||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.721% | 92.9% | 6.36% | |||||||||
Wyoming | 100% | ||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 0.715% | 79.8% | 19.5% | |||||||||
Montana | 100% | ||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 1.11% | 98.9% | ||||||||||
North Dakota | 100% | ||||||||||||
Kentucky | 1.28% | 97.3% | 2.66% | ||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 2.28% | 97.7% | ||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 15.1% | 100% | ||||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 100% | |||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 100% | ||||||||||
Saskatchewan | 100% | ||||||||||||
Mississippi | 1.68% | 98.3% | |||||||||||
West Virginia | 17.2% | 92.6% | 7.41% | ||||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | ||||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 2.21% | 0.717% | 88.6% | 10.7% | ||||||||
Missouri | 13.6% | 86.4% | |||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 22.6% | 77.4% | ||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 4.46% | 95.5% | ||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.811% | 99.2% | ||||||||||
Oregon | 12.9% | 72.2% | 14.9% | ||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 100% | |||||||||||
Alabama | 0.226% | 99.8% | |||||||||||
New Mexico | 10.1% | 89.9% | |||||||||||
Kansas | 8.84% | 100% | |||||||||||
Wisconsin | 100% | ||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 1.02% | 33.9% | 65.1% | |||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 24.5% | 75.5% | ||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 74.2% | 25.8% | ||||||||||
South Carolina | 0.446% | 99.6% | |||||||||||
Michigan | 100% | ||||||||||||
Alberta | 100% | ||||||||||||
Connecticut | 100% | ||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 12.1% | 87.9% | |||||||||||
Colorado | 100% | ||||||||||||
Nevada | 36.6% | 63.4% | |||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 0.220% | 9.11% | 90.7% | |||||||||
Georgia | 5.65% | 10.5% | 89.5% | ||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 2.91% | 97.1% | ||||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 97.8% | 2.21% | ||||||||||
Québec | 74.3% | 25.7% | |||||||||||
Manitoba | 84.3% | 15.7% | |||||||||||
Oklahoma | 7.62% | 62.1% | 37.9% | ||||||||||
Tennessee | 0.744% | 100% | |||||||||||
Ontario | 88.8% | 11.2% | |||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 29.5% | 70.5% | ||||||||||
Arkansas | 100% | ||||||||||||
South Dakota | 100% | ||||||||||||
Ohio | 11.8% | 88.2% | |||||||||||
Indiana | 3.46% | 96.5% | |||||||||||
Minnesota | 100% | ||||||||||||
Iowa | 100% | ||||||||||||
Illinois | 4.93% | 4.57% | 95.4% | ||||||||||
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