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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

OceansPhysical Environment

A composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.

NOAA

Sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.

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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

Tropical Forests

Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence

Global Mean Temperature, January

-0.25 to 0.25

0.75 to 1.0

1.0 to 1.25

1.25 to 1.5

1.5 to 1.75

Tropical Forests

Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence

Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence

Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence

Areas of Strong Tornado Occurrence

-36 to -41°C

-30 to -35°C

-24 to -29°C

-18 to -23°C

-12 to -17°C

-6 to -11°C

0 to -5°C

0 to 2°C

3 to 5°C

6 to 8°C

9 to 11°C

12 to 14°C

15 to 17°C

18 to 20°C

21 to 23°C

24 to 26°C

27 to 29°C

Alaska
0.318%4.14%19.4%2.91%13.5%11.9%12.4%6.96%
Arizona
5163.7%16.9%13.2%6.14%
Utah
215.1%39.1%45.8%
Yukon
26.4%4.60%24.7%3.80%3.54%1.78%
Northwest Territories
27.1%49.9%2.58%
District of Columbia
100%
Florida
0.596%1.15%31620.1%39.4%30.7%9.78%
Idaho
10.440%34.0%65.6%
New Hampshire
293.5%6.50%
Rhode Island
4.64%93.5%6.49%
Vermont
1100%
Washington
0.513%19.70%53.6%25.1%5.57%
Wyoming
1539.25%90.8%
Nunavut
0.352%14.7%66.6%0.420%1.37%
Montana
841.24%53.7%45.1%
Maine
0.133%100%
North Dakota
386567.8%32.2%
Kentucky
872623.98%72.3%23.7%
Nova Scotia
0.847%99.8%0.194%
Virginia
0.126%28812.9%48.0%38.9%0.245%
Delaware
0.762%324.9%75.1%
Prince Edward Island
1.25%0.264%100%
Saskatchewan
70.279%31.2%42.1%21.7%4.75%
Mississippi
162457229.1%35.4%27.5%7.96%
West Virginia
436.9%53.4%9.77%
Nebraska
6713732.3%67.7%
Texas
0.183%1934671.48%6.87%22.7%25.0%15.8%1.41%4.06%0.104%
Missouri
95367169.8%29.5%0.792%
Louisiana
0.184%931520.665%34.5%22.6%37.7%4.58%
Hawaii
1.74%1.20%0.113%0.444%2.10%84.2%8.69%7.14%
North Carolina
0.319%54121.71%72.8%19.9%5.62%
Oregon
252.9%32.7%14.2%0.250%
New Brunswick
0.522%78.3%21.7%
Alabama
1493413233.1%36.7%25.2%5.07%
New Mexico
73.19%15.3%80.1%1.37%
Kansas
825610199.7%0.331%
Wisconsin
321118.8%81.0%0.123%
British Columbia
0.126%127.1%26.4%14.3%6.93%5.96%10.6%
Newfoundland and Labrador
0.392%9.16%42.2%27.3%21.4%
New Jersey
0.329%2146.3%25.6%15.9%
South Carolina
4615160.1%12.4%19.1%0.478%
Michigan
2030.404%48.1%51.4%
Alberta
97.90%39.3%37.4%15.4%
Connecticut
100%
Pennsylvania
31398.7%1.31%
Colorado
25375.2%23.6%1.15%
Nevada
21.8%76.9%1.30%
Massachusetts
1.78%2113.0%77.9%8.87%0.220%
Georgia
9031437.3%21.9%20.3%18.8%1.69%
New York
0.105%17149.4%49.5%1.10%
Maryland
0.874%8131.9%41.0%27.1%
Québec
30133.6%27.0%31.0%2.13%
Manitoba
54118.60%55.2%33.8%2.43%
Oklahoma
104298216.6%47.2%36.2%
Tennessee
8227810.1%89.9%
Ontario
46121.0%41.9%23.3%8.50%2.99%
California
0.110%30.354%39.0%24.3%6.83%9.77%
Arkansas
1052349.93%84.7%5.34%
South Dakota
47740.737%99.0%0.300%
Ohio
427396.2%3.78%
Indiana
5818192.4%7.63%
Minnesota
601142.35%65.6%32.1%
Iowa
86174170.3%29.7%
Illinois
1082169.02%83.5%7.52%
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