Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Salt Marshes | Amerindian and Indo-European | Eskimo-Aleut | Indo-European | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | 27.6% | 0.108% | 0.153% | ||||||
Arizona | 19.5% | 80.5% | ||||||||
Utah | 0.663% | 99.3% | ||||||||
Yukon | 88.3% | 11.6% | 0.107% | |||||||
Northwest Territories | 52.2% | 7.85% | 4.66% | |||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | |||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 98.8% | ||||||
Idaho | 100% | |||||||||
New Hampshire | 1.37% | 100% | ||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 2.01% | 94.9% | |||||||
Vermont | 100% | |||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.132% | 0.121% | |||||||
Wyoming | 100% | |||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 8.72% | 0.383% | 0.977% | ||||||
Montana | 100% | |||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 0.322% | 0.167% | |||||||
North Dakota | 100% | |||||||||
Kentucky | 100% | |||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.591% | 18.3% | |||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 0.493% | 99.7% | |||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 33.7% | 99.2% | |||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 1.22% | 94.3% | ||||||
Saskatchewan | 12.5% | 87.5% | ||||||||
Mississippi | 0.461% | 100% | ||||||||
West Virginia | 100% | |||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | |||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 0.123% | 99.8% | |||||||
Missouri | 100% | |||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 0.106% | 0.147% | |||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 1.39% | ||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.191% | 99.4% | |||||||
Oregon | 99.9% | |||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 0.488% | 99.2% | |||||||
Alabama | 0.174% | 99.9% | ||||||||
New Mexico | 100% | |||||||||
Kansas | 100% | |||||||||
Wisconsin | 100% | |||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 0.160% | 63.0% | 0.157% | ||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 34.1% | 14.7% | 24.7% | ||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 15.3% | 99.1% | |||||||
South Carolina | 6.81% | 99.8% | ||||||||
Michigan | 100% | |||||||||
Alberta | 55.4% | 0.298% | ||||||||
Connecticut | 0.797% | 99.9% | ||||||||
Pennsylvania | 100% | |||||||||
Colorado | 100% | |||||||||
Nevada | 100% | |||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 3.30% | 0.557% | |||||||
Georgia | 2.72% | 99.9% | ||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 0.102% | 2.63% | |||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 0.178% | 98.1% | |||||||
Québec | 24.9% | 34.9% | 0.469% | |||||||
Manitoba | 4.25% | 66.4% | ||||||||
Oklahoma | 100% | |||||||||
Tennessee | 100% | |||||||||
Ontario | 49.9% | 50.0% | ||||||||
California | 0.110% | 0.156% | 99.7% | |||||||
Arkansas | 100% | |||||||||
South Dakota | 100% | |||||||||
Ohio | 100% | |||||||||
Indiana | 100% | |||||||||
Minnesota | 100% | |||||||||
Iowa | 100% | |||||||||
Illinois | 100% | |||||||||
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