Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Salt Marshes | Risk level 1 (very low) | Risk level 2 | Risk level 3 (low) | Risk level 4 | Risk level 5 (moderate) | Risk level 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | ||||||||
Alaska | 0.318% | 35.0% | 0.129% | 0.194% | |||||||||
Arizona | 3.96% | 2.03% | 39.3% | 1.13% | 0.402% | 1.94% | |||||||
Utah | 2.19% | 24.0% | 59.1% | 0.958% | |||||||||
Yukon | 55.1% | 5.40% | 0.314% | ||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 38.2% | 1.33% | 0.447% | ||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | ||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 89.2% | 6.71% | ||||||||
Idaho | 13.6% | 8.18% | 32.7% | 2.94% | |||||||||
New Hampshire | 1.37% | 100% | |||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 2.01% | 95.3% | ||||||||||
Vermont | 100% | ||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.132% | 13.7% | 37.3% | 29.7% | 1.66% | |||||||
Wyoming | 4.91% | 55.5% | 0.561% | 1.00% | |||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 0.396% | |||||||||||
Montana | 0.103% | 4.94% | 33.0% | 0.115% | |||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 0.322% | 99.4% | ||||||||||
North Dakota | 0.112% | 0.133% | 99.8% | ||||||||||
Kentucky | 35.7% | 64.2% | |||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.591% | 79.0% | ||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 0.493% | 14.9% | 82.6% | 1.66% | ||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 33.7% | 97.6% | ||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 1.22% | 95.4% | |||||||||
Saskatchewan | 0.108% | 7.01% | 1.30% | 0.348% | |||||||||
Mississippi | 0.461% | 3.08% | 18.3% | 68.7% | 1.07% | ||||||||
West Virginia | 92.7% | 3.42% | 3.86% | ||||||||||
Nebraska | 2.05% | 97.8% | |||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 0.123% | 2.19% | 4.69% | 83.5% | 0.249% | 0.428% | ||||||
Missouri | 0.633% | 95.9% | 1.63% | ||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 0.106% | 1.01% | 23.5% | 68.0% | 1.27% | |||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.191% | 91.0% | 0.995% | |||||||||
Oregon | 8.75% | 34.0% | 16.1% | ||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 0.488% | 99.4% | ||||||||||
Alabama | 0.174% | 4.06% | 91.4% | 2.97% | |||||||||
New Mexico | 12.1% | 35.9% | 20.3% | 0.704% | 1.02% | ||||||||
Kansas | 99.9% | ||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 8.12% | 88.8% | |||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 0.160% | 86.0% | 0.217% | 0.271% | ||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 57.4% | 1.10% | ||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 15.3% | 98.6% | ||||||||||
South Carolina | 6.81% | 96.9% | 3.07% | ||||||||||
Michigan | 51.8% | 0.907% | 14.6% | 0.520% | |||||||||
Alberta | 75.6% | 3.33% | 0.547% | ||||||||||
Connecticut | 0.797% | 82.4% | 17.5% | ||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 39.1% | 60.4% | 0.421% | ||||||||||
Colorado | 0.180% | 45.2% | 14.2% | ||||||||||
Nevada | 0.533% | 16.8% | 45.2% | 2.15% | |||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 3.30% | 92.1% | 4.34% | |||||||||
Georgia | 2.72% | 0.779% | 71.7% | 16.1% | |||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 0.102% | 80.6% | 16.2% | |||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 0.178% | 10.9% | 87.5% | |||||||||
Québec | 69.8% | 0.250% | |||||||||||
Manitoba | 81.9% | 8.24% | 0.169% | 0.546% | 0.815% | ||||||||
Oklahoma | 0.595% | 1.38% | 56.8% | 10.9% | |||||||||
Tennessee | 0.102% | 89.8% | 7.28% | ||||||||||
Ontario | 98.7% | 0.766% | |||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 0.156% | 4.06% | 25.8% | 27.5% | 16.1% | 0.987% | ||||||
Arkansas | 94.1% | 5.38% | |||||||||||
South Dakota | 0.217% | 99.7% | |||||||||||
Ohio | 2.41% | 0.104% | 97.3% | ||||||||||
Indiana | 4.47% | 95.5% | |||||||||||
Minnesota | 0.208% | 99.8% | |||||||||||
Iowa | 99.9% | ||||||||||||
Illinois | 100% | ||||||||||||
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