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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

OceansPhysical Environment

A composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.

NOAA

Sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.

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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

Tropical Forests

Salt Marshes

Ecological Regions: Level 1 Regions

-0.25 to 0.25

0.75 to 1.0

1.0 to 1.25

1.25 to 1.5

1.5 to 1.75

Tropical Forests

Salt Marshes

Arctic Cordillera

Tundra

Taiga

Hudson Plain

Boreal forests

Northwestern forested mountains

Marine west coast forest

Eastern temperate forests

Great Plains

Deserts and steppes

Mediterranean California

Southern semi-arid highlands

Temperate sierras

Tropical wet forests

Hawaii
1.74%1.20%0.113%0.444%2.10%
Alaska
0.318%25.1%6.23%14.3%3.61%
Arizona
66.3%12.9%19.7%
Utah
19.3%80.3%
Yukon
7.08%38.7%53.4%
Northwest Territories
3.04%63.7%
District of Columbia
100%
Florida
0.596%1.15%1.33%84.3%14.5%
Idaho
57.3%40.7%
New Hampshire
1.37%82.5%17.5%
Rhode Island
4.64%2.01%92.1%
Vermont
86.9%13.1%
Washington
0.513%0.132%44.1%18.2%34.8%
Wyoming
6.11%27.1%46.4%
Nunavut
0.352%1.96%1.52%3.41%
Montana
31.6%66.0%
Maine
0.133%0.322%44.1%52.2%
North Dakota
100%
Kentucky
100%
Nova Scotia
0.847%0.591%17.5%6.61%
Virginia
0.126%0.493%99.4%
Delaware
0.762%33.7%98.4%
Prince Edward Island
1.25%0.264%1.22%89.2%
Saskatchewan
8.06%57.8%33.4%
Mississippi
0.461%99.9%
West Virginia
100%
Nebraska
100%
Texas
0.183%0.123%17.3%4.05%13.1%
Missouri
60.6%39.4%
Louisiana
0.184%0.106%86.4%12.6%
North Carolina
0.319%0.191%99.2%
Oregon
53.3%14.9%7.11%
New Brunswick
0.522%0.488%3.19%95.8%
Alabama
0.174%99.9%
New Mexico
8.59%32.9%7.36%1.32%3.54%
Kansas
99.9%
Wisconsin
31.7%66.5%1.10%
British Columbia
0.126%0.160%7.72%4.25%60.9%6.59%4.95%
Newfoundland and Labrador
0.392%5.23%56.9%22.4%
New Jersey
0.329%15.3%11.2%86.6%
South Carolina
6.81%99.7%
Michigan
25.2%1.08%
Alberta
17.4%54.4%6.61%21.1%
Connecticut
0.797%15.9%84.0%
Pennsylvania
3.06%79.4%
Colorado
38.2%42.1%2.98%
Nevada
99.6%
Massachusetts
1.78%3.30%32.4%63.3%
Georgia
2.72%99.9%
New York
0.105%0.102%19.7%1.05%
Maryland
0.874%0.178%97.9%
Québec
1.01%37.0%2.25%3.73%1.51%
Manitoba
22.1%11.3%55.4%10.0%
Oklahoma
21.6%78.4%
Tennessee
100%
Ontario
28.1%64.1%7.08%
California
0.110%0.156%26.9%2.89%29.8%39.7%
Arkansas
100%
South Dakota
3.94%96.1%
Ohio
99.9%
Indiana
100%
Minnesota
40.6%24.1%35.2%
Iowa
6.36%93.6%
Illinois
99.9%
0.16.0