Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Salt Marshes | 20–29°F | 30–39°F | 40–49°F | 50–54°F | 55–59°F | 60–64°F | 65–70°F | More than 70°F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | ||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | ||||||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | ||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | ||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.591% | |||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 1.22% | ||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 0.488% | |||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 0.160% | |||||||||||||
Arizona | 3.28% | 52.5% | 1.52% | 4.55% | 1.19% | ||||||||||
Utah | 4.62% | 12.3% | 1.60% | 1.99% | |||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | ||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 15.7% | 50.5% | ||||||||||
Idaho | 41.4% | 1.00% | |||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 1.37% | 51.0% | 48.6% | ||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 2.01% | 40.8% | 3.92% | |||||||||||
Vermont | 67.8% | 5.13% | |||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.132% | 1.69% | 1.65% | 13.3% | ||||||||||
Wyoming | 6.20% | 1.64% | 53.8% | 3.89% | |||||||||||
Montana | 12.5% | 64.6% | 1.73% | ||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 0.322% | 1.90% | 1.80% | |||||||||||
North Dakota | 7.69% | 68.5% | 22.9% | ||||||||||||
Kentucky | 74.1% | 25.9% | |||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 0.493% | 5.66% | 52.3% | 20.9% | 1.66% | |||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 33.7% | 70.5% | 28.7% | |||||||||||
Mississippi | 0.461% | 72.7% | 26.9% | ||||||||||||
West Virginia | 18.6% | 7.46% | |||||||||||||
Nebraska | 1.70% | 23.3% | 39.4% | 35.0% | |||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 0.123% | 7.25% | 23.2% | 29.8% | 25.4% | 11.4% | ||||||||
Missouri | 79.9% | 3.80% | |||||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 0.106% | 31.8% | 67.8% | |||||||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.191% | 1.46% | 1.28% | 68.8% | ||||||||||
Oregon | 3.51% | 53.1% | 4.57% | ||||||||||||
Alabama | 0.174% | 94.8% | 3.85% | ||||||||||||
New Mexico | 1.12% | 55.1% | 17.6% | 5.37% | |||||||||||
Kansas | 1.72% | 30.3% | 60.6% | 7.43% | |||||||||||
Wisconsin | 4.55% | 71.2% | 1.80% | ||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 15.3% | 35.4% | 64.3% | |||||||||||
South Carolina | 6.81% | 1.35% | 88.9% | 5.34% | |||||||||||
Michigan | 3.53% | 60.8% | 2.65% | ||||||||||||
Connecticut | 0.797% | 74.5% | 20.0% | ||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 4.44% | 3.41% | 11.0% | ||||||||||||
Colorado | 1.05% | 16.7% | 24.1% | ||||||||||||
Nevada | 8.38% | 55.6% | 2.02% | ||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 3.30% | 3.88% | 49.9% | 35.1% | ||||||||||
Georgia | 2.72% | 9.84% | 70.8% | 17.4% | |||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 0.102% | 1.78% | 9.58% | 8.48% | 1.26% | |||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 0.178% | 12.3% | 72.0% | 14.7% | ||||||||||
Oklahoma | 2.09% | 6.06% | 3.01% | 9.12% | |||||||||||
Tennessee | 3.53% | 55.1% | |||||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 0.156% | 2.22% | 24.7% | 1.17% | 2.39% | |||||||||
Arkansas | 7.28% | 3.52% | 1.05% | ||||||||||||
South Dakota | 2.29% | 26.1% | 60.0% | 10.8% | |||||||||||
Ohio | 36.5% | 1.25% | |||||||||||||
Indiana | 8.52% | 84.6% | 5.00% | ||||||||||||
Minnesota | 16.6% | 59.4% | 18.8% | ||||||||||||
Iowa | 3.40% | 95.4% | |||||||||||||
Illinois | 1.77% | 78.7% | 18.0% | ||||||||||||
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