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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

OceansPhysical Environment

A composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.

NOAA

Sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.

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Display by:	Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño					Tropical Forests	Salt Marshes	Thunderstorm Occurrence
	-0.25 to 0.25	0.75 to 1.0	1.0 to 1.25	1.25 to 1.5	1.5 to 1.75	Tropical Forests	Salt Marshes	100 and above	81–100	71–80	61–70	51–60	41–50	31–40	21–30	11–20	6–10	2–5	1 and below
Hawaii	1.74%	1.20%	0.113%	0.444%	2.10%
Alaska	0.318%																7.66%	55.2%	19.9%
Arizona												8.64%	10.8%	6.36%	10.3%	8.92%	4.76%
Utah													6.90%	15.9%	5.97%
Yukon																7.00%	59.8%	26.1%	7.10%
Northwest Territories																5.77%	26.0%	42.2%	3.09%
District of Columbia															100%
Florida	0.596%					1.15%	1.33%	9.02%	56.6%	20.8%	3.46%
Idaho													5.95%	12.1%	9.81%	31.7%
New Hampshire							1.37%								94.4%	5.56%
Rhode Island	4.64%						2.01%								3.91%
Vermont															100%
Washington	0.513%						0.132%								1.35%	57.1%	1.44%
Wyoming												5.38%	5.86%	13.2%
Nunavut	0.352%																1.70%	21.4%	1.54%
Montana													1.73%	42.7%	23.7%	7.99%
Maine	0.133%						0.322%								79.8%	14.7%	5.13%
North Dakota														95.7%	4.33%
Kentucky												41.2%	58.8%
Nova Scotia	0.847%						0.591%									19.0%	8.02%
Virginia	0.126%						0.493%					5.25%	53.9%	38.5%	2.22%
Delaware	0.762%						33.7%								99.2%
Prince Edward Island	1.25%		0.264%				1.22%									98.5%
Saskatchewan															18.8%	50.7%	20.5%
Mississippi							0.461%			13.6%	19.8%	65.6%
West Virginia													97.0%	3.04%
Nebraska												38.0%	62.0%
Texas	0.183%						0.123%				1.43%	21.8%	34.0%	42.5%
Missouri												100%
Louisiana	0.184%						0.106%			2.08%	60.9%	36.6%
North Carolina	0.319%						0.191%					16.4%	81.1%	2.09%
Oregon															7.84%	63.3%	28.9%
New Brunswick	0.522%						0.488%								31.5%	64.2%	2.38%
Alabama							0.174%		14.4%	11.5%	12.9%	58.4%
New Mexico										3.65%	6.22%	12.8%	2.01%	14.3%
Kansas												100%
Wisconsin													19.7%	79.8%
British Columbia	0.126%						0.160%								1.59%	35.7%	19.7%	2.10%
Newfoundland and Labrador	0.392%																2.13%	3.18%	1.22%
New Jersey	0.329%						15.3%							28.5%	71.2%
South Carolina							6.81%				1.10%	75.7%	23.2%
Michigan													4.25%	65.7%	11.8%
Alberta														2.96%	41.2%	52.3%
Connecticut							0.797%								99.9%
Pennsylvania													14.0%	81.5%	4.50%
Colorado											13.8%	53.9%	10.3%	3.14%
Nevada														13.2%	33.3%	53.5%
Massachusetts	1.78%						3.30%								91.5%	6.67%
Georgia							2.72%		2.02%	11.8%	34.0%	52.1%
New York	0.105%						0.102%							42.9%	2.90%
Maryland	0.874%						0.178%						11.3%	16.7%	71.1%
Québec															9.73%	2.25%	18.5%	22.7%	14.4%
Manitoba														3.86%	21.7%	27.1%	47.3%
Oklahoma												94.0%	6.04%
Tennessee												95.3%	4.67%
Ontario														2.04%	56.2%	35.4%	2.08%
California	0.110%						0.156%									46.0%	7.90%	27.9%
Arkansas												100%
South Dakota													61.9%	38.1%
Ohio													77.5%	20.4%
Indiana												1.92%	97.6%
Minnesota													22.5%	75.0%	2.49%
Iowa												30.7%	69.3%
Illinois												38.2%	58.7%	3.07%

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