Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Salt Marshes | Ultisols | Aridisols | Histosols | Entisols | Rocky Land | Alfisols | Spodosols | Gelisols | Inceptisols | Andisols | Vertisols | Mollisols | Ice/Glacier | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 1.22% | |||||||||||||||||
Alaska | 0.318% | 0.175% | 1.66% | 0.377% | 0.145% | 0.407% | ||||||||||||||
Arizona | 65.2% | 10.6% | 19.7% | |||||||||||||||||
Utah | 26.0% | 4.97% | 38.1% | |||||||||||||||||
Yukon | 0.499% | 51.9% | 1.02% | |||||||||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 1.47% | 1.52% | 4.36% | 2.91% | 5.12% | |||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 25.2% | 5.20% | 17.9% | 3.71% | 16.6% | 8.96% | |||||||||||
Idaho | 29.4% | 1.94% | 14.0% | 16.2% | 36.2% | |||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 1.37% | 80.6% | 19.4% | |||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 2.01% | 98.7% | |||||||||||||||||
Vermont | 12.7% | 86.8% | 0.502% | |||||||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.132% | 9.70% | 2.34% | 1.14% | 8.77% | 5.47% | 34.9% | ||||||||||||
Wyoming | 1.84% | 10.2% | 2.80% | 1.24% | 0.559% | 6.94% | ||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 0.240% | 1.63% | 8.56% | ||||||||||||||||
Montana | 31.4% | 8.64% | 0.199% | 0.199% | 0.401% | 1.53% | ||||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 0.322% | 83.1% | 15.3% | ||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 0.768% | 8.53% | 4.28% | 86.4% | ||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 30.2% | 29.9% | 30.8% | 6.23% | ||||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.591% | 75.5% | |||||||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 0.493% | 83.9% | 13.7% | ||||||||||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 33.7% | 96.3% | |||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan | 1.60% | 2.72% | 1.00% | 0.152% | 40.0% | 0.356% | 1.21% | 33.2% | ||||||||||||
Mississippi | 0.461% | 54.0% | 21.9% | 2.04% | 1.09% | |||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 1.43% | 90.6% | ||||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 26.1% | 73.8% | ||||||||||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 0.123% | 0.630% | 7.70% | 9.52% | 4.97% | 3.67% | 32.0% | ||||||||||||
Missouri | 34.1% | 14.7% | 1.99% | 32.0% | ||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 0.106% | 17.3% | 0.944% | 7.47% | 0.940% | 8.11% | |||||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 55.7% | ||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.191% | 96.7% | |||||||||||||||||
Oregon | 13.6% | 1.88% | 4.92% | 6.04% | 10.0% | 0.228% | 1.19% | 1.19% | ||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 0.488% | 25.8% | 69.7% | ||||||||||||||||
Alabama | 0.174% | 84.2% | 2.06% | 6.78% | ||||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 23.9% | 0.727% | 0.457% | 0.833% | ||||||||||||||||
Kansas | 1.38% | 0.670% | 1.01% | 96.8% | ||||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 7.99% | 59.0% | 27.3% | 4.61% | ||||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 0.160% | 4.65% | 2.91% | 0.226% | 1.14% | 6.03% | 2.45% | 2.94% | 0.754% | 0.590% | |||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 22.5% | 0.528% | 12.3% | ||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 15.3% | 51.4% | 19.0% | 26.1% | |||||||||||||||
South Carolina | 6.81% | 99.6% | ||||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 0.371% | 28.2% | 29.7% | 10.1% | ||||||||||||||||
Alberta | 1.76% | 1.99% | 2.06% | 1.52% | 1.21% | 2.08% | 0.886% | 0.922% | 18.7% | |||||||||||
Connecticut | 0.797% | 99.6% | ||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 11.3% | 1.89% | 74.4% | |||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 2.93% | 10.0% | 1.68% | 4.28% | ||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 78.2% | 2.02% | 16.0% | |||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 3.30% | 0.651% | 93.7% | ||||||||||||||||
Georgia | 2.72% | 94.5% | 1.08% | 2.83% | 1.35% | |||||||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 0.102% | 0.810% | 0.620% | 4.00% | |||||||||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 0.178% | 85.5% | 12.1% | ||||||||||||||||
Québec | 2.00% | 1.55% | 4.48% | 10.5% | 0.375% | |||||||||||||||
Manitoba | 0.484% | 18.2% | 5.58% | 1.19% | 24.8% | 0.141% | 13.5% | |||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 17.2% | 2.27% | 0.965% | 1.91% | 14.3% | 59.3% | ||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 69.8% | 12.5% | 6.93% | 2.18% | ||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 0.790% | 1.77% | 1.40% | 4.80% | 5.30% | |||||||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 0.156% | 1.11% | 36.3% | 4.75% | 8.79% | 2.72% | |||||||||||||
Arkansas | 69.9% | 6.28% | 0.186% | 0.993% | ||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 0.202% | 3.71% | 0.162% | 87.9% | ||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 0.144% | 73.9% | 25.5% | |||||||||||||||||
Indiana | 4.14% | 2.78% | 80.4% | 12.7% | ||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 7.23% | 1.75% | 41.7% | 5.16% | 0.278% | 34.3% | ||||||||||||||
Iowa | 12.5% | 76.7% | ||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 27.3% | 63.9% | ||||||||||||||||||
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