Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Tropical Forests | Salt Marshes | Less than 1 | 1–5 | 6–10 | 11–15 | More than 15 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nunavut | 0.352% | |||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | |||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.591% | ||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 1.22% | |||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 0.488% | ||||||||||
Alaska | 0.318% | 99.8% | ||||||||||
Arizona | 92.2% | 7.76% | ||||||||||
Utah | 100% | |||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | |||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 1.15% | 1.33% | 64.2% | 35.5% | |||||||
Idaho | 100% | |||||||||||
New Hampshire | 1.37% | 1.24% | 98.7% | |||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 2.01% | 99.3% | |||||||||
Vermont | 77.1% | 22.6% | ||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 0.132% | 99.9% | |||||||||
Wyoming | 87.7% | 12.3% | ||||||||||
Montana | 100% | |||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 0.322% | 40.0% | 59.8% | ||||||||
North Dakota | 29.5% | 70.5% | ||||||||||
Kentucky | 4.42% | 60.5% | 35.1% | |||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 0.493% | 10.3% | 89.6% | ||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 33.7% | 99.2% | |||||||||
Mississippi | 0.461% | 10.9% | 74.0% | 15.1% | ||||||||
West Virginia | 48.2% | 51.8% | ||||||||||
Nebraska | 88.6% | 11.4% | ||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 0.123% | 16.8% | 43.9% | 36.9% | 2.38% | ||||||
Missouri | 23.4% | 62.5% | 14.1% | |||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 0.106% | 30.4% | 69.5% | ||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 92.1% | ||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 0.191% | 99.9% | |||||||||
Oregon | 100% | |||||||||||
Alabama | 0.174% | 69.5% | 16.4% | 14.0% | ||||||||
New Mexico | 90.2% | 9.71% | ||||||||||
Kansas | 68.1% | 31.5% | ||||||||||
Wisconsin | 13.1% | 53.1% | 33.7% | |||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 0.160% | 2.52% | |||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 15.3% | 19.5% | 80.3% | ||||||||
South Carolina | 6.81% | 99.9% | ||||||||||
Michigan | 34.8% | 64.8% | ||||||||||
Connecticut | 0.797% | 99.9% | ||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 6.15% | 93.9% | ||||||||||
Colorado | 69.4% | 30.6% | ||||||||||
Nevada | 100% | |||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 3.30% | 99.5% | |||||||||
Georgia | 2.72% | 61.5% | 38.5% | |||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 0.102% | 61.6% | 38.3% | ||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 0.178% | 99.3% | |||||||||
Oklahoma | 3.41% | 35.1% | 46.0% | 15.5% | ||||||||
Tennessee | 41.3% | 58.7% | ||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 0.156% | 99.9% | |||||||||
Arkansas | 87.2% | 12.8% | ||||||||||
South Dakota | 22.1% | 76.0% | 1.85% | |||||||||
Ohio | 3.97% | 96.0% | ||||||||||
Indiana | 62.9% | 37.1% | ||||||||||
Minnesota | 23.4% | 72.5% | 4.03% | |||||||||
Iowa | 50.0% | 50.0% | ||||||||||
Illinois | 70.3% | 29.6% | ||||||||||
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