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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

OceansPhysical Environment

A composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.

NOAA

Sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.

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Display by:	Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño					Tropical Forests	Salt Marshes	Global Surface Warming: Worst-Case Projections (NASA)
	-0.25 to 0.25	0.75 to 1.0	1.0 to 1.25	1.25 to 1.5	1.5 to 1.75	Tropical Forests	Salt Marshes	2 to 2.5	2.5 to 3	3 to 3.5	3.5 to 4	4 to 4.5	4.5 to 5	5 to 5.5	5.5 to 6	6 to 6.5	6.5 to 7	7 to 7.5
Alaska	0.318%								0.364%	0.102%	17.0%	18.9%	20.0%	17.3%	13.9%	6.85%	0.304%
Arizona											3.51%	69.2%	27.3%
Utah													100%
Yukon											36.2%	38.5%	16.4%	5.02%	3.91%
Northwest Territories												9.87%	22.1%	27.7%	18.5%	4.31%	15.6%	1.77%
District of Columbia											100%
Florida	0.596%					1.15%	1.33%		15.0%	82.2%	2.85%
Idaho												48.1%	51.9%
New Hampshire							1.37%				23.7%	76.3%
Rhode Island	4.64%						2.01%				100%
Vermont												95.9%	4.15%
Washington	0.513%						0.132%			6.09%	55.9%	38.0%
Wyoming												3.26%	96.7%
Nunavut	0.352%												1.46%	4.55%	27.5%	0.150%	19.2%	5.07%
Montana												89.8%	10.2%
Maine	0.133%						0.322%				16.2%	71.2%	12.7%
North Dakota													100%
Kentucky												100%
Nova Scotia	0.847%						0.591%			0.194%	99.8%
Virginia	0.126%						0.493%				63.0%	37.0%
Delaware	0.762%						33.7%				100%
Prince Edward Island	1.25%		0.264%				1.22%				85.1%	14.9%
Saskatchewan												31.5%	61.8%	6.66%
Mississippi							0.461%			1.91%	52.1%	46.0%
West Virginia												100%
Nebraska													100%
Texas	0.183%						0.123%			1.45%	25.6%	56.1%	16.9%
Missouri												20.7%	79.3%
Louisiana	0.184%						0.106%			21.5%	63.6%	14.9%
Hawaii	1.74%	1.20%	0.113%	0.444%	2.10%			4.46%	95.5%
North Carolina	0.319%						0.191%			3.74%	93.9%
Oregon										19.6%	27.0%	52.7%	0.664%
New Brunswick	0.522%						0.488%				20.6%	69.3%	10.1%
Alabama							0.174%			2.92%	87.2%	9.85%
New Mexico												21.3%	78.7%
Kansas													100%
Wisconsin													100%
British Columbia	0.126%						0.160%		1.18%	10.9%	80.5%	7.40%
Newfoundland and Labrador	0.392%									9.26%	24.1%	25.5%	41.2%
New Jersey	0.329%						15.3%				99.9%
South Carolina							6.81%			12.4%	87.6%
Michigan													100%
Alberta											21.6%	71.0%	7.43%
Connecticut							0.797%				100%
Pennsylvania											10.3%	76.9%	12.8%
Colorado													100%
Nevada												55.5%	44.5%
Massachusetts	1.78%						3.30%		0.220%	0.204%	88.4%	11.2%
Georgia							2.72%			17.7%	82.3%
New York	0.105%						0.102%				8.25%	44.4%	47.4%
Maryland	0.874%						0.178%				77.2%	22.8%
Québec											0.462%	6.48%	44.1%	28.1%	20.7%	0.145%
Manitoba													43.2%	44.5%	12.3%
Oklahoma												28.9%	71.1%
Tennessee											26.0%	74.0%
Ontario													48.4%	40.0%	11.6%
California	0.110%						0.156%		0.147%	33.8%	21.5%	35.5%
Arkansas												98.0%	2.00%
South Dakota													100%
Ohio												67.4%	32.6%
Indiana												53.3%	46.7%
Minnesota													100%
Iowa													100%
Illinois												18.1%	81.9%

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