Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Caledonian and Hercynian (or Appalachian) remnants | Isolated volcanic areas | Alpine system | Sedimentary covers | Laurasian shields | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | 98.0% | ||||||||
Arizona | 100% | |||||||||
Utah | 100% | |||||||||
Yukon | 99.8% | 0.165% | ||||||||
Northwest Territories | 5.87% | 7.69% | 49.6% | 35.7% | ||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | |||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 98.5% | ||||||||
Idaho | 100% | |||||||||
New Hampshire | 100% | |||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 93.3% | ||||||||
Vermont | 92.0% | 8.01% | ||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 99.0% | ||||||||
Wyoming | 56.0% | 44.0% | ||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 23.2% | 20.4% | 53.5% | ||||||
Montana | 37.5% | 62.5% | ||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 99.1% | ||||||||
North Dakota | 96.7% | 3.34% | ||||||||
Kentucky | 100% | |||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 93.9% | ||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 69.9% | 29.1% | |||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 16.5% | 77.6% | |||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 66.2% | |||||||
Saskatchewan | 58.9% | 41.1% | ||||||||
Mississippi | 99.9% | |||||||||
West Virginia | 13.2% | 86.8% | ||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | |||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 6.01% | 93.7% | |||||||
Missouri | 1.58% | 98.4% | ||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 98.5% | ||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 76.7% | ||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 57.9% | 40.5% | |||||||
Oregon | 99.9% | |||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 99.0% | ||||||||
Alabama | 31.4% | 68.5% | ||||||||
New Mexico | 77.9% | 22.1% | ||||||||
Kansas | 100% | |||||||||
Wisconsin | 62.0% | 38.0% | ||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 94.9% | 4.13% | |||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 24.3% | 74.2% | |||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 68.7% | 27.2% | |||||||
South Carolina | 57.0% | 42.9% | ||||||||
Michigan | 87.8% | 12.2% | ||||||||
Alberta | 6.99% | 87.8% | 5.22% | |||||||
Connecticut | 100% | |||||||||
Pennsylvania | 26.2% | 73.8% | ||||||||
Colorado | 64.2% | 35.8% | ||||||||
Nevada | 100% | |||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 93.6% | ||||||||
Georgia | 45.5% | 54.4% | ||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 43.3% | 55.9% | |||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 48.7% | 48.4% | |||||||
Québec | 3.44% | 1.99% | 94.2% | |||||||
Manitoba | 30.3% | 69.6% | ||||||||
Oklahoma | 10.9% | 89.1% | ||||||||
Tennessee | 16.8% | 83.2% | ||||||||
Ontario | 30.7% | 69.2% | ||||||||
California | 0.110% | 99.7% | ||||||||
Arkansas | 11.0% | 89.0% | ||||||||
South Dakota | 8.10% | 79.3% | 12.6% | |||||||
Ohio | 100% | |||||||||
Indiana | 100% | |||||||||
Minnesota | 17.0% | 83.0% | ||||||||
Iowa | 99.0% | 1.02% | ||||||||
Illinois | 100% |
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