Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Less than 20°F | 20–29°F | 30–39°F | 40–49°F | 50–54°F | 55–59°F | Cold Front | Tropical Cyclone Zones | 20–29°F | 30–39°F | 40–49°F | 50–54°F | 55–59°F | 60–64°F | 65–70°F | More than 70°F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | |||||||||||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | ||||||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | ||||||||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 1.22% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Arizona | 32.8% | 60.8% | 2.30% | 3.28% | 52.5% | 1.52% | 4.55% | 1.19% | |||||||||||||
Utah | 93.9% | 5.41% | 5.42% | 4.62% | 12.3% | 1.60% | 1.99% | ||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 14.7% | 56.6% | 21.0% | 7.07% | 3.68% | 2.91% | 15.7% | 50.5% | ||||||||||||
Idaho | 84.3% | 6.93% | 41.4% | 1.00% | |||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 100% | 51.0% | 48.6% | ||||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 3.92% | 40.8% | 3.92% | |||||||||||||||||
Vermont | 99.7% | 67.8% | 5.13% | ||||||||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 29.2% | 45.9% | 22.8% | 1.69% | 1.65% | 13.3% | ||||||||||||||
Wyoming | 100% | 6.20% | 1.64% | 53.8% | 3.89% | ||||||||||||||||
Montana | 99.9% | 12.5% | 64.6% | 1.73% | |||||||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 99.5% | 1.90% | 1.80% | |||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 100% | 7.69% | 68.5% | 22.9% | |||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 3.74% | 91.2% | 74.1% | 25.9% | |||||||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 20.5% | 1.66% | 5.66% | 52.3% | 20.9% | 1.66% | ||||||||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 99.1% | 70.5% | 28.7% | |||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | 21.7% | 78.0% | 0.303% | 72.7% | 26.9% | ||||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 67.8% | 31.4% | 18.6% | 7.46% | |||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | 2.25% | 1.70% | 23.3% | 39.4% | 35.0% | |||||||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 10.9% | 44.9% | 29.3% | 14.1% | 7.25% | 23.2% | 29.8% | 25.4% | 11.4% | |||||||||||
Missouri | 80.4% | 18.4% | 79.9% | 3.80% | |||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 61.7% | 37.9% | 2.07% | 31.8% | 67.8% | |||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 84.2% | 3.43% | 0.888% | 1.46% | 1.28% | 68.8% | ||||||||||||||
Oregon | 27.3% | 19.8% | 23.7% | 3.51% | 53.1% | 4.57% | |||||||||||||||
Alabama | 29.3% | 1.30% | 94.8% | 3.85% | |||||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 81.8% | 1.03% | 1.12% | 55.1% | 17.6% | 5.37% | |||||||||||||||
Kansas | 96.6% | 3.36% | 5.13% | 1.72% | 30.3% | 60.6% | 7.43% | ||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 99.5% | 4.55% | 71.2% | 1.80% | |||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 73.8% | 25.8% | 35.4% | 64.3% | ||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | 41.6% | 58.3% | 1.35% | 88.9% | 5.34% | ||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 98.1% | 3.53% | 60.8% | 2.65% | |||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | 99.9% | 74.5% | 20.0% | ||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 99.4% | 4.44% | 3.41% | 11.0% | |||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 100% | 5.40% | 1.05% | 16.7% | 24.1% | ||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 73.6% | 6.36% | 8.38% | 55.6% | 2.02% | ||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 98.2% | 0.220% | 3.88% | 49.9% | 35.1% | |||||||||||||||
Georgia | 26.7% | 54.5% | 18.7% | 9.84% | 70.8% | 17.4% | |||||||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 96.9% | 1.78% | 9.58% | 8.48% | 1.26% | |||||||||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 34.3% | 32.0% | 12.3% | 72.0% | 14.7% | |||||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 17.8% | 81.3% | 2.09% | 6.06% | 3.01% | 9.12% | |||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 100% | 3.53% | 55.1% | ||||||||||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 10.8% | 23.3% | 1.46% | 2.22% | 24.7% | 1.17% | 2.39% | |||||||||||||
Arkansas | 79.0% | 21.0% | 7.28% | 3.52% | 1.05% | ||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 100% | 2.29% | 26.1% | 60.0% | 10.8% | ||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 96.3% | 3.50% | 36.5% | 1.25% | |||||||||||||||||
Indiana | 92.1% | 7.40% | 8.52% | 84.6% | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 100% | 6.20% | 16.6% | 59.4% | 18.8% | ||||||||||||||||
Iowa | 100% | 3.53% | 3.40% | 95.4% | |||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 94.0% | 5.95% | 1.77% | 78.7% | 18.0% | ||||||||||||||||
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