Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Less than 20°F | 20–29°F | 30–39°F | 40–49°F | 50–54°F | 55–59°F | Cold Front | 2 to 2.5 | 2.5 to 3 | 3 to 3.5 | 3.5 to 4 | 4 to 4.5 | 4.5 to 5 | 5 to 5.5 | 5.5 to 6 | 6 to 6.5 | 6.5 to 7 | 7 to 7.5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 0.318% | 0.364% | 0.102% | 17.0% | 18.9% | 20.0% | 17.3% | 13.9% | 6.85% | 0.304% | |||||||||||||
Arizona | 32.8% | 60.8% | 2.30% | 3.51% | 69.2% | 27.3% | |||||||||||||||||
Utah | 93.9% | 5.41% | 5.42% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||
Yukon | 36.2% | 38.5% | 16.4% | 5.02% | 3.91% | ||||||||||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 9.87% | 22.1% | 27.7% | 18.5% | 4.31% | 15.6% | 1.77% | ||||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 14.7% | 56.6% | 21.0% | 7.07% | 3.68% | 15.0% | 82.2% | 2.85% | ||||||||||||||
Idaho | 84.3% | 6.93% | 48.1% | 51.9% | |||||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 100% | 23.7% | 76.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 3.92% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vermont | 99.7% | 95.9% | 4.15% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 29.2% | 45.9% | 22.8% | 6.09% | 55.9% | 38.0% | ||||||||||||||||
Wyoming | 100% | 3.26% | 96.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 1.46% | 4.55% | 27.5% | 0.150% | 19.2% | 5.07% | ||||||||||||||||
Montana | 99.9% | 89.8% | 10.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 99.5% | 16.2% | 71.2% | 12.7% | ||||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 100% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 3.74% | 91.2% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 0.194% | 99.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 20.5% | 1.66% | 63.0% | 37.0% | ||||||||||||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 99.1% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 85.1% | 14.9% | |||||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan | 31.5% | 61.8% | 6.66% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | 21.7% | 78.0% | 1.91% | 52.1% | 46.0% | ||||||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 67.8% | 31.4% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | 2.25% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 10.9% | 44.9% | 29.3% | 14.1% | 1.45% | 25.6% | 56.1% | 16.9% | ||||||||||||||
Missouri | 80.4% | 18.4% | 20.7% | 79.3% | |||||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 61.7% | 37.9% | 21.5% | 63.6% | 14.9% | |||||||||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 4.46% | 95.5% | ||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 84.2% | 3.43% | 3.74% | 93.9% | ||||||||||||||||||
Oregon | 27.3% | 19.8% | 23.7% | 19.6% | 27.0% | 52.7% | 0.664% | ||||||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 20.6% | 69.3% | 10.1% | |||||||||||||||||||
Alabama | 29.3% | 1.30% | 2.92% | 87.2% | 9.85% | ||||||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 81.8% | 1.03% | 21.3% | 78.7% | |||||||||||||||||||
Kansas | 96.6% | 3.36% | 5.13% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 99.5% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 1.18% | 10.9% | 80.5% | 7.40% | ||||||||||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 9.26% | 24.1% | 25.5% | 41.2% | ||||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 73.8% | 25.8% | 99.9% | |||||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | 41.6% | 58.3% | 12.4% | 87.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 98.1% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Alberta | 21.6% | 71.0% | 7.43% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | 99.9% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 99.4% | 10.3% | 76.9% | 12.8% | |||||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 100% | 5.40% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 73.6% | 6.36% | 55.5% | 44.5% | |||||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 98.2% | 0.220% | 0.204% | 88.4% | 11.2% | |||||||||||||||||
Georgia | 26.7% | 54.5% | 18.7% | 17.7% | 82.3% | ||||||||||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 96.9% | 8.25% | 44.4% | 47.4% | ||||||||||||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 34.3% | 32.0% | 77.2% | 22.8% | ||||||||||||||||||
Québec | 0.462% | 6.48% | 44.1% | 28.1% | 20.7% | 0.145% | |||||||||||||||||
Manitoba | 43.2% | 44.5% | 12.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 17.8% | 81.3% | 28.9% | 71.1% | |||||||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 100% | 26.0% | 74.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 1.22% | 48.4% | 40.0% | 11.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 10.8% | 23.3% | 1.46% | 0.147% | 33.8% | 21.5% | 35.5% | |||||||||||||||
Arkansas | 79.0% | 21.0% | 98.0% | 2.00% | |||||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 100% | 100% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 96.3% | 3.50% | 67.4% | 32.6% | |||||||||||||||||||
Indiana | 92.1% | 7.40% | 53.3% | 46.7% | |||||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 100% | 6.20% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Iowa | 100% | 3.53% | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 94.0% | 5.95% | 18.1% | 81.9% |
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