Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño
OceansPhysical EnvironmentA composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.
NOAASea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.
-0.25 to 0.25 | 0.75 to 1.0 | 1.0 to 1.25 | 1.25 to 1.5 | 1.5 to 1.75 | Less than 20°F | 20–29°F | 30–39°F | 40–49°F | 50–54°F | 55–59°F | Tropical Cyclone Zones | Abyssal clay | Calcareous ooze | Continental (lithogenous) | Diatom | Radiolarian | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arizona | 32.8% | 60.8% | 2.30% | ||||||||||||||
Utah | 93.9% | 5.41% | |||||||||||||||
District of Columbia | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Idaho | 84.3% | 6.93% | |||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | 4.64% | 3.92% | |||||||||||||||
Vermont | 99.7% | ||||||||||||||||
Wyoming | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Montana | 99.9% | ||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | 3.74% | 91.2% | |||||||||||||||
West Virginia | 67.8% | 31.4% | |||||||||||||||
Nebraska | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Missouri | 80.4% | 18.4% | |||||||||||||||
Oregon | 27.3% | 19.8% | 23.7% | ||||||||||||||
Alabama | 29.3% | 1.30% | |||||||||||||||
New Mexico | 81.8% | 1.03% | |||||||||||||||
Kansas | 96.6% | 3.36% | |||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | 99.5% | ||||||||||||||||
Michigan | 98.1% | ||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | 99.9% | ||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | 99.4% | ||||||||||||||||
Colorado | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Nevada | 73.6% | 6.36% | |||||||||||||||
Georgia | 26.7% | 54.5% | 18.7% | ||||||||||||||
Oklahoma | 17.8% | 81.3% | |||||||||||||||
Tennessee | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Arkansas | 79.0% | 21.0% | |||||||||||||||
South Dakota | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Ohio | 96.3% | 3.50% | |||||||||||||||
Indiana | 92.1% | 7.40% | |||||||||||||||
Minnesota | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Iowa | 100% | ||||||||||||||||
Illinois | 94.0% | 5.95% | |||||||||||||||
Mississippi | 21.7% | 78.0% | 0.303% | ||||||||||||||
Alaska | 0.318% | 4.76% | 0.351% | ||||||||||||||
Northwest Territories | 3.51% | ||||||||||||||||
Florida | 0.596% | 14.7% | 56.6% | 21.0% | 7.07% | 2.91% | 0.488% | 2.42% | |||||||||
Washington | 0.513% | 29.2% | 45.9% | 22.8% | 1.71% | ||||||||||||
Nunavut | 0.352% | 7.75% | |||||||||||||||
Maine | 0.133% | 99.5% | 1.41% | ||||||||||||||
Nova Scotia | 0.847% | 12.7% | |||||||||||||||
Virginia | 0.126% | 20.5% | 1.66% | 1.95% | |||||||||||||
Delaware | 0.762% | 99.1% | 0.888% | ||||||||||||||
Prince Edward Island | 1.25% | 0.264% | 100% | ||||||||||||||
Texas | 0.183% | 10.9% | 44.9% | 29.3% | 14.1% | 0.242% | |||||||||||
Louisiana | 0.184% | 61.7% | 37.9% | 2.07% | 0.456% | 1.85% | |||||||||||
Hawaii | 1.74% | 1.20% | 0.113% | 0.444% | 2.10% | 29.4% | 7.02% | 22.4% | |||||||||
North Carolina | 0.319% | 84.2% | 3.43% | 0.888% | 0.789% | ||||||||||||
New Brunswick | 0.522% | 1.14% | |||||||||||||||
British Columbia | 0.126% | 2.00% | |||||||||||||||
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.392% | 4.95% | |||||||||||||||
New Jersey | 0.329% | 73.8% | 25.8% | 0.212% | |||||||||||||
South Carolina | 41.6% | 58.3% | 0.109% | ||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | 1.78% | 98.2% | 0.220% | 0.884% | 11.7% | ||||||||||||
New York | 0.105% | 96.9% | 2.58% | ||||||||||||||
Maryland | 0.874% | 34.3% | 32.0% | 1.35% | |||||||||||||
Québec | 1.05% | ||||||||||||||||
Ontario | 0.313% | ||||||||||||||||
California | 0.110% | 10.8% | 23.3% | 1.46% | 0.884% | ||||||||||||
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