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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

OceansPhysical Environment

A composite of sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño from November to March during the following years: 1958, 1966, 1973, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1996, and 1998. When sea-surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific rise well above normal, it is known as an El Niño event.

NOAA

Sea-surface temperature anomalies during El Niño. The most intense warming (2 to 2.25 degrees Celsius, dark brown) occurs off the coast of South America. Cooler areas (negative 2.25 to negative 2 degrees Celsius, dark blue) are in the Arctic Ocean.

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Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies: El Niño

Religious Affiliations (U.S.)

Mangrove swamps

-0.25 to 0.25

0.75 to 1.0

1.0 to 1.25

1.25 to 1.5

1.5 to 1.75

African American, Protestant

Hispanic, Catholic

Hispanic, Evangelical Protestant

Native American, Catholic

Non-Hispanic White, Catholic

Non-Hispanic White, Evangelical Protestant

Non-Hispanic White, Mainline Protestant

Non-Hispanic White, Mormon

Other

Mangrove swamps

Nunavut
0.352%
Nova Scotia
0.847%
Prince Edward Island
1.25%0.264%
New Brunswick
0.522%
British Columbia
0.126%
Newfoundland and Labrador
0.392%
Alaska
0.318%2.89%4.07%1.15%27.0%
Arizona
4.74%9.93%11.9%7.14%8.87%
Utah
2.76%9.08%
District of Columbia
92.6%7.35%
Idaho
10.4%3.11%3.14%
New Hampshire
10.2%
Rhode Island
4.64%30.9%
Vermont
10.4%7.07%
Washington
0.513%1.85%2.82%2.62%3.50%2.85%
Wyoming
2.66%9.42%4.36%10.5%
Montana
1.65%1.27%2.22%3.31%1.16%
Maine
0.133%12.8%2.21%
North Dakota
1.54%2.00%1.59%1.43%
Kentucky
1.13%
Virginia
0.126%1.23%1.33%1.11%1.20%
Delaware
0.762%21.0%
Mississippi
1.38%1.04%
West Virginia
2.31%1.67%
Nebraska
3.31%1.02%1.09%
Texas
0.183%1.71%2.27%
Missouri
1.23%
Louisiana
0.184%1.34%1.26%1.66%
North Carolina
0.319%1.09%1.15%1.35%1.86%
Oregon
10.1%5.13%1.28%
Alabama
1.38%1.31%
New Mexico
2.37%4.93%4.54%5.33%1.14%
Kansas
1.59%1.06%1.11%1.13%
Wisconsin
1.13%1.01%1.01%
New Jersey
0.329%1.33%4.27%1.78%
South Carolina
1.61%3.92%2.12%1.29%
Michigan
1.98%1.38%1.18%
Connecticut
11.4%
Pennsylvania
1.25%2.14%1.14%
Colorado
1.14%1.23%2.13%2.47%3.13%
Nevada
1.83%5.03%9.36%
Massachusetts
1.78%6.37%
Georgia
1.41%1.08%
New York
0.105%2.66%2.10%1.83%
Maryland
0.874%4.85%4.56%3.79%4.66%
Oklahoma
1.57%1.28%
Tennessee
1.79%1.64%
California
0.110%12.3%1.15%2.11%
Arkansas
1.24%1.70%
South Dakota
3.35%1.35%2.05%2.19%3.25%
Ohio
1.12%1.02%1.00%
Indiana
1.07%1.32%1.13%
Minnesota
3.74%1.16%1.86%
Iowa
1.78%1.29%1.02%
Illinois
1.74%1.35%1.43%
Florida
0.596%3.30%2.06%3.46%1.18%0.458%
Hawaii
1.74%1.20%0.113%0.444%2.10%8.75%8.50%0.622%
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