American Samoa (U.S.)

French Polynesia (France)

Guam (U.S.)

Kiribati

New Zealand

Northern Mariana Is. (U.S.)

Palau

Samoa

Australia & Oceania

St. Martin (France)

U.S. Virgin Is. (U.S.)

Caribbean

Afghanistan

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

Central Asia

Hong Kong S.A.R. (China)

Japan

Macau S.A.R. (China)

Mongolia

Nepal

North Korea

South Korea

East Asia

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Georgia

Russia

Eurasia

Albania

Andorra

Austria

Belarus

Belgium

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Cyprus

Czechia

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Gibraltar (U.K.)

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Isle of Man (U.K.)

Italy

Latvia

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Moldova

Monaco

Montenegro

Netherlands

Northern Macedonia

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

San Marino

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Ukraine

United Kingdom

Europe

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Costa Rica

Ecuador

Guatemala

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Peru

Suriname

Latin America

Greenland (Denmark)

New Caledonia (France)

Puerto Rico (U.S.)

São Tomé and Príncipe

Tonga

None

Canada

Mexico

United States

North America

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Pakistan

South Asia

Cambodia

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Southeast Asia

Algeria

Bahrain

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Morocco

Oman

Palestine

Qatar

Tunisia

Southwest Asia and North Africa

Central African Republic

Chad

Côte d'Ivoire

Democratic Republic of Congo

Ethiopia

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea-Bissau

Lesotho

Madagascar

Nigeria

Republic of the Congo

Rwanda

Sierra Leone

Togo

Uganda

Zimbabwe

Sub-Saharan Africa

Percentage of clean water access. Some of the highlighted countries are more than 98 percent (dark blue): Canada, France. 89 to 98 percent (blue): U S A, Iran. 60 to 88 percent (light blue): Russia, Brazil. Less than 60 percent (Grey): Central Africa.

Percentage of the population with access to an improved water source

Countries

World

World Bank

Clean Water Access

Percent

Argentina

Belize

Bolivia

Honduras

Panama

El Salvador

Uruguay

Venezuela

Political geography of Latin America in 1650: The Viceroyalty of New Spain (black, covering Mexico, Central America), the Viceroyalty of Peru (orange, covering parts of South America), and the Viceroyalty of Brazil (blue, covering parts of Brazil).

Political geography of colonial South America in 1650. The viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru were controlled by the Spanish, and the viceroyalty of Brazil was controlled by the Portuguese.

Latin America, 1650

nature

Papua New Guinea

Cuba

China

French Guiana (France)

Guyana

Mauritania

India

Sri Lanka

Thailand

Indonesia

Vietnam

United Arab Emirates

Egypt

Saudi Arabia

Libya

Yemen

Malawi

Senegal

Gabon

Benin

Guinea

Kenya

Mozambique

Eritrea

Somalia

A map highlights areas around the world that are vulnerable to a sea-level rise of 70 meters, marked in blue.

Areas vulnerable to a 70-meter rise in sea level, given worst-case scenario conditions

Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (70 m)

In North America, vulnerable regions include the eastern seaboard of the United States, the Gulf Coast, parts of the West Coast, and the coastal areas of Canada, including the Arctic regions. Central America shows vulnerability along its entire coastline, particularly in Mexico, Belize, and the eastern coasts of Nicaragua and Panama. In South America, the vulnerable areas are mainly along the eastern coast, including parts of Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina, as well as the western coastlines of Colombia and Ecuador. Europe sees extensive vulnerability along the Atlantic coasts, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea, including the British Isles, the coastlines of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, and the Baltic states, as well as parts of the Mediterranean coastline, including Italy and Greece. In Africa, vulnerable areas are identified along the Mediterranean coast in the north, the west coast from Mauritania to Nigeria, parts of the east coast in Somalia and Tanzania, and the southern tip around South Africa. Asia shows significant vulnerability in low-lying coastal areas, including the Arabian Peninsula, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia (notably Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia), and East Asia, particularly eastern China and Japan. In Australia, the vulnerable areas include the northern coast, the eastern seaboard, and parts of the southern and western coasts. Oceania has numerous vulnerable areas, especially in the low-lying islands and coastal regions of countries like Papua New Guinea and New Zealand. Antarctica is marked with some coastal vulnerability, highlighting the global impact of potential sea-level rise on diverse geographic regions.

Clean Water Access			Latin America, 1650			Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (70 m)
Class	Rank	Percent	Viceroyalty of New Spain	Viceroyalty of Peru	Viceroyalty of Brazil	Sea-Level Rise Vulnerability (70 m)

						15.4%
						52.7%
						6.19%
						2.69%
						11.4%
			85.7%	45.0%	40.3%	11.3%
						10.3%
			33.0%			3.28%
						8.92%
						7.50%
						6.09%
						7.84%

MapMaster 3

Clean Water Access